BFRs (PBDEs and HBCDs) in freshwater species from Lake Trasimeno (Italy): The singular case of HBCDs in red swamp crayfish
| Autor: | Tommaso Stecconi, Arianna Stramenga, Simone Bacchiocchi, Ambrosius Josef Martin Dörr, Arianna Piersanti, Tamara Tavoloni, Massimiliano Giannotti, Roberta Galarini, Antonia Concetta Elia, Melania Siracusa |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Environmental Engineering
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Carassius carassius Astacoidea 010501 environmental sciences Brominated flame retardants 01 natural sciences Swamp Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Freshwater ecosystem Polybrominated diphenyl ethers Tandem Mass Spectrometry Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers Animals Environmental Chemistry Waste Management and Disposal Flame Retardants 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Procambarus clarkii geography Perch geography.geographical_feature_category biology HBCDs isomer pattern biology.organism_classification Crayfish Pollution Crustacean Hydrocarbons Brominated Crustaceans Lakes Fish Italy Environmental chemistry Crucian carp Female Chromatography Liquid Environmental Monitoring Biota monitoring |
| Zdroj: | Science of The Total Environment. 758:143585 |
| ISSN: | 0048-9697 |
| Popis: | Eighty-six samples belonging to five different species (crucian carp, Carassius carassius; European perch, Perca fluviatilis; tench, Tinca tinca; eel, Anguilla anguilla; red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii) collected from Lake Trasimeno (Italy) were analyzed to assess polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) contamination. The Trasimeno is the largest Italian peninsular lake located in Umbria (Central Italy), in a rural area with low anthropogenic impact. All the samples were analyzed by an in-house developed analytical procedure involving a single sample preparation with dual detection: Gas- and Liquid-Chromatography coupled to tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS/MS for PBDEs and LC-MS/MS for HBCDs). BFRs levels in crucian carp, tench and European perch were negligible and mostly below quantification limits (LOQs). In eel, the species with the higher fat content, PBDE sum (15 congeners) ranged from 0.269 to 0.916 ng/g w.w. BDE-47, -100 and -154 accounted for roughly 57%, 16% and 11% of the PBDE sum, respectively, while BDE-99 (usually one of the most abundant congeners in biota), only for 3%. HBCDs (sum of α-, β-, γ-isomers) were found between 0.157 and 1.14 ng/g w.w. with α- as predominant isomer (92% of the sum), followed by γ- (5%) and β- (2%). Peculiar was the contamination in red swamp crayfish characterized by negligible PBDEs and very high HBCDs levels with a singular contamination pattern. In female pools (n = 9) the mean HBCDs sum was 0.150 ng/g w.w., while in males higher concentrations were measured (mean = 2.77 ng/g w.w.). A significant correlation seems to exist between the contamination level and the seasonal cycle only in male crayfish. Interestingly, among the HBCDs, the γ-isomer was the highest (67% of the total) while α- contributes only for 20%. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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