Ischemic necrosis of the digits and hyperlipidemia associated with atherosclerosis in a Miniature American Shepherd
| Autor: | Timothy H. Helms, Sandra F. Diaz, John D. Bonagura, Rebecca Kohnken, Rachel E. Cianciolo, Jessie Scaglione |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty 040301 veterinary sciences medicine.medical_treatment Blood lipids Hyperlipidemias 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology 0403 veterinary science Lesion Diagnosis Differential 03 medical and health sciences Necrosis 0302 clinical medicine Blood serum Dogs Fatal Outcome Internal medicine Edema Hyperlipidemia medicine Animals Dog Diseases General Veterinary business.industry Hypertriglyceridemia 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Toes medicine.disease Atherosclerosis Thrombosis Hindlimb Pedigree Amputation Cardiology medicine.symptom business |
| Zdroj: | Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 253(2) |
| ISSN: | 1943-569X |
| Popis: | CASE DESCRIPTION A 2.5-year-old 12-kg (26.4-lb) castrated male Miniature American Shepherd was referred because of a 3-week history of a localized crusted skin lesion on the digital pad of digit 3 of the right hind limb. CLINICAL FINDINGS Skin lesions were noted on the digital pads of the right hind limb. Serum biochemical analyses indicated severe hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Ultrasonography of the terminal portion of the aorta and other major arterial vessels revealed substantial arteriosclerotic change. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME Medical treatments included administration of atorvastatin calcium, a low-fat diet, and omega-3 fatty acids to reduce serum lipids concentration; clopidogrel to prevent thrombosis; pentoxifylline to improve microcirculatory blood flow; clomipramine hydrochloride and trazodone hydrochloride to help with the behavioral problems; and gabapentin to help with pain management and behavioral problems. Surgical management included amputation of the initial digit involved, then eventually the entire initial limb involved. The response to treatment was poor, and euthanasia was elected. Postmortem findings revealed severe, widespread, and chronic intimal atherosclerosis; mild, widespread, and degenerative changes in the cerebral cortex; and edema and vascular congestion in the meninges. CLINICAL RELEVANCE To the authors' knowledge, this was the first report of skin necrosis secondary to atherosclerosis in a dog. Although the incidence of atherosclerosis has been considered very low in dogs, it should be investigated in dogs with severe hyperlipidemia. Primary hyperlipidemia has not been previously described in Miniature American Shepherd dogs but was the suspected underlying metabolic disorder. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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