Arctic winter 2005: Implications for stratospheric ozone loss and climate change

Autor: J. Davies, Vladimir Yushkov, A. D. Risley, Z. Litynska, M. Gerding, Karl W. Hoppel, Ross J. Salawitch, Christos Zerefos, Geir O. Braathen, M. C. Parrondo, Hans Claude, P. von der Gathen, David J. Moore, Sophie Godin-Beekmann, Beverly J. Johnson, H. De Backer, P. Skrivankova, H. Dier, Hideaki Nakane, Esko Kyrö, René Stübi, Marc Allaart, H. Fast, Richard M. Bevilacqua, P. Viatte, Valery Dorokhov, Barbara Naujokat, Martyn P. Chipperfield, Signe B. Andersen, Neil R. P. Harris, Markus Rex, E. Reimer, H. Deckelmann
Přispěvatelé: Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), European Ozone Research Coordinating Unit [Cambridge] (EORCU), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), School of Earth and Environment [Leeds] (SEE), University of Leeds, Institut für Meteorologie [Berlin], Freie Universität Berlin, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Meteorologisches Observatorium Hohenpeißenberg (MOHp), Deutscher Wetterdienst [Offenbach] (DWD), Meteorological Service of Canada (MSC), Environment and Climate Change Canada, Institut Royal Météorologique de Belgique [Bruxelles] - Royal Meteorological Institute (IRM), Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory - Richard Assmann Observatory (MOL-RAO), Central Aerological Observatory (CAO), Russian Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring (Roshydromet), Leibniz-Institut für Atmosphärenphysik (IAP), Universität Rostock-Leibniz Association, Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, University of Oulu, Institute of Meteorology and Water Management - National Research Institute (IMGW - PIB), Met Office Hadley Centre for Climate Change (MOHC), United Kingdom Met Office [Exeter], National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC), Czech Hydrometeorological Institute (CHMI), Payerne Aerological Station, Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, Laboratory of Climatology and Atmospheric Environment [Athens] (LACAE), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA)
Rok vydání: 2006
Předmět:
Zdroj: Geophysical Research Letters
Geophysical Research Letters, 2006, 33 (23), ⟨10.1029/2006GL026731⟩
EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, 33, L23808
ISSN: 0094-8276
1944-8007
DOI: 10.1029/2006gl026731
Popis: International audience; The Arctic polar vortex exhibited widespread regions of low temperatures during the winter of 2005, resulting in significant ozone depletion by chlorine and bromine species. We show that chemical loss of column ozone (ΔO3) and the volume of Arctic vortex air cold enough to support the existence of polar stratospheric clouds (VPSC) both exceed levels found for any other Arctic winter during the past 40 years. Cold conditions and ozone loss in the lowermost Arctic stratosphere (e.g., between potential temperatures of 360 to 400 K) were particularly unusual compared to previous years. Measurements indicate ΔO3 = 121 +/- 20 DU and that ΔO3 versus VPSC lies along an extension of the compact, near linear relation observed for previous Arctic winters. The maximum value of VPSC during five to ten year intervals exhibits a steady, monotonic increase over the past four decades, indicating that the coldest Arctic winters have become significantly colder, and hence are more conducive to ozone depletion by anthropogenic halogens.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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