Strategies to combat the problem of yam anthracnose disease: Status and prospects

Autor:	Ebiamadon Andi Brisibe, Jaindra Nath Tripathi, Nkese Ime Okon, Valentine Otang Ntui, Julius Oyohosuho Phillip, Leena Tripathi, Effiom Eyo Ita, A. A. Markson, Edak Aniedi Uyoh, Mfon Okon Akpan, E. E. Ene-Obong
Rok vydání:	2021
Předmět:	new breeding techniques Dioscorea spp genomics‐assisted breeding Dioecy Soil Science Review Plant Science Crop CRISPR/Cas fungal diseases yam Cultivar Molecular Biology anthracnose Food security Resistance (ecology) biology Dioscorea business.industry fungi food and beverages Genomics biology.organism_classification Fungicides Industrial Biotechnology Plant Leaves Fungicide Plant Tubers RNAi Shoot business Agronomy and Crop Science
Zdroj:	Molecular Plant Pathology
ISSN:	1364-3703 1464-6722
Popis:	Yam (Dioscorea spp.) anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum alatae, is the most devastating fungal disease of yam in West Africa, leading to 50%–90% of tuber yield losses in severe cases. In some instances, plants die without producing any tubers or each shoot may produce several small tubers before it dies if the disease strikes early. C. alatae affects all parts of the yam plant at all stages of development, including leaves, stems, tubers, and seeds of yams, and it is highly prevalent in the yam belt region and other yam‐producing countries in the world. Traditional methods adopted by farmers to control the disease have not been very successful. Fungicides have also failed to provide long‐lasting control. Although conventional breeding and genomics‐assisted breeding have been used to develop some level of resistance to anthracnose in Dioscorea alata, the appearance of new and more virulent strains makes the development of improved varieties with broad‐spectrum and durable resistance critical. These shortcomings, coupled with interspecific incompatibility, dioecy, polyploidy, poor flowering, and the long breeding cycle of the crop, have prompted researchers to explore biotechnological techniques to complement conventional breeding to speed up crop improvement. Modern biotechnological tools have the potential of producing fungus‐resistant cultivars, thereby bypassing the natural bottlenecks of traditional breeding. This article reviews the existing biotechnological strategies and proposes several approaches that could be adopted to develop anthracnose‐resistant yam varieties for improved food security in West Africa. Resistance to yam anthracnose, the most devastating fungal disease of yam (Dioscorea spp.), can be produced by genomics‐assisted breeding, high‐throughput phenotyping, genetic engineering, and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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