Coalescence process to treat produced water: an updated overview and environmental outlook
| Autor: | Flávia Bartira Pedro da Silva Almeida, Karla Patrícia Santos Oliveira Rodríguez Esquerre, Carlos Eduardo de Farias Silva, João Inácio Soletti |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Health
Toxicology and Mutagenesis Oil and Gas Industry 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Waste Disposal Fluid chemistry.chemical_compound Metals Heavy Environmental Chemistry Coalescence (chemistry) Effluent 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Suspended solids Waste management Water General Medicine Pollution Unit operation Produced water Separation process Kinetics Petroleum chemistry Scientific method Environmental science Emulsions Water Pollutants Chemical |
| Zdroj: | Environmental science and pollution research international. 26(28) |
| ISSN: | 1614-7499 |
| Popis: | Produced water is the largest liquid effluent in volume generated in petroleum production. It originates from natural wells or from water that was previously injected during the exploration process. The composition of produced water is complex, containing high salt concentration, emulsified oil, suspended solids, chemical additives used in the various stages of oil production, heavy metals, and other contaminants. Several technologies can be used in the treatment of produced water in order to meet the conditions specified in local legislations and the most used are phase separators, decanters, cyclones, and filters. The separation process mechanism of oil emulsions by coalescence in fibrous media has excellent results, though it is not fully understood and is frequently based on empirical, as well as on experimental, observations. This article presents a general overview on produced water, including origin, production, composition, environmental impact, treatment techniques, disposal, and legislation, as well as an updated discussion utilizing recent literature regarding the unit operation of coalescence: general aspects, kinetics, mechanisms, and factors that influence the coalescence process. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full text from SpringerLink