In-situ analyses of carbonaceous matter in manganiferous black shales: Analytical proxies and implication for ore processing

Autor: Anne-Claire Salaün, T. Wallmach, Mohammed Boussafir, V. Delarue, S. Lafon, R. Wirth, Céline Rodriguez, A. Schreiber, G. Dreux, Beate Orberger
Přispěvatelé: Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ERAMET RESEARCH, CATURA Geoprojects, GeoForschungsZentrum - Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam (GFZ), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Environnement, territoires et infrastructures (UR ETBX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Eramet, Géosciences Paris Sud ( GEOPS ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), GeoForschungsZentrum - Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam ( GFZ ), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 ( ISTO ), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) ( BRGM ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Environnement, territoires et infrastructures ( UR ETBX ), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture ( IRSTEA )
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
Materials science
QEMSCAN
chemistry.chemical_element
Mineralogy
[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
02 engineering and technology
Electron microprobe
engineering.material
010502 geochemistry & geophysics
01 natural sciences
020501 mining & metallurgy
chemistry.chemical_compound
Mineral processing
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Mineral
Mechanical Engineering
Beneficiation
[ SDU.STU ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
Carbonaceous matter Organic carbon Carbonates QEMSCAN Black shale Manganese Ore metallurgy Rock-Eval
General Chemistry
Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
0205 materials engineering
chemistry
Control and Systems Engineering
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]
engineering
Carbonate
Pyrite
Carbon
[ SDU ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Zdroj: Minerals Engineering
Minerals Engineering, Elsevier, 2018, 125, pp.83-93. ⟨10.1016/j.mineng.2018.05.019⟩
Minerals Engineering, Elsevier, 2018, 125, pp.83-93. 〈10.1016/j.mineng.2018.05.019〉
ISSN: 0892-6875
DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2018.05.019⟩
Popis: International audience; Carbonaceous matter is generally known to be problematic for metal recovery during metallurgical processing of black shales. In particularly, metal upgrading during beneficiation prior to (bio-) hydrometallurgical and/or pyrometallurgical processing is hindered by the presence of abundant carbonaceous matter (CM). This study presents the characterization of CM and mineral bound carbonaceous matter (CMP) in three manganese carbonate-rich shales hosting 6–8 wt% total organic carbon. Non-destructive methods, such as incident light microscopy, scanning electron (SEM) and focused-ion-beam-transmission electron microscopy (FIB-TEM), QEMSCAN and electron microprobe, were used to show that free CM is adsorbed onto illite-smectite surfaces. This form of CM ranges in grain size from sub-micrometer up to ≈100 μm. The most efficient method to show the illite-smectite association is SEM and for quantification of this association, QEMSCAN should be used. Mineral-bound carbonaceous matter may be relicts of extrapolymers (pyrite and/or carbonate) and needs characterization using FIB-TEM. The quantity of CM can then be estimated by a rough calculation as the difference between the total organic carbon (Rock Eval) and the free carbon calculated from normative mineral compositions based on X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray-Diffraction (XRD) analyses. The mineral bound CM could not be detected by QEMSCAN under conventional analytical conditions. We estimated that about 85% of the CM in the test samples was adsorbed on mineral surfaces and about 15% was bound to minerals. The physical protection of the CM by clays, and the morphological and density differences between pyrite, carbonates and biochemically-bound CM in pyrite/carbonates needs to be taken into consideration in the process design.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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