Regulation of Hyaluronan Synthesis in Vascular Diseases and Diabetes
| Autor: | Manuela Viola, Maria Luisa D'Angelo, Paola Moretto, Alberto Passi, Davide Vigetti, Ilaria Caon, Evgenia Karousou, Giancarlo De Luca |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Neointima
Acylation Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Cellular differentiation Myocytes Smooth Muscle Cell Review Article Biology lcsh:Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology Gene Expression Regulation Enzymologic Acetylglucosamine Extracellular matrix Endocrinology Cell surface receptor Cell Adhesion Diabetes Mellitus medicine Animals Humans Vascular Diseases Hyaluronic Acid Protein kinase A Cell adhesion Inflammation lcsh:RC648-665 Microcirculation Adenylate Kinase Cell Differentiation Cell biology medicine.anatomical_structure Biochemistry Cardiovascular Diseases Intracellular |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Diabetes Research, Vol 2015 (2015) Journal of Diabetes Research |
| ISSN: | 2314-6753 2314-6745 |
| DOI: | 10.1155/2015/167283 |
| Popis: | Cell microenvironment has a critical role determining cell fate and modulating cell responses to injuries. Hyaluronan (HA) is a ubiquitous extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan that can be considered a signaling molecule. In fact, interacting with several cell surface receptors can deeply shape cell behavior. In vascular biology, HA triggers smooth muscle cells (SMCs) dedifferentiation which contributes to vessel wall thickening. Furthermore, HA is able to modulate inflammation by altering the adhesive properties of endothelial cells. In hyperglycemic conditions, HA accumulates in vessels and can contribute to the diabetic complications at micro- and macrovasculature. Due to the pivotal role in favoring atherogenesis and neointima formation after injuries, HA could be a new target for cardiovascular pathologies. This review will focus on the recent findings regarding the regulation of HA synthesis in human vascular SMCs. In particular, the effects of the intracellular HA substrates availability, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and protein O-GlcNAcylation on the main HA synthetic enzyme (i.e., HAS2) will be discussed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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