Magma extrusion during the Ubinas 2013-2014 eruptive crisis based on satellite thermal imaging (MIROVA) and ground-based monitoring

Autor: Wilmer Chilo, Pablo Masias, Fredy Apaza, Mayra Ortega, Beto Ccallata, Marco Rivera, Jose Carpio, Ivonne Lazarte, Diego Coppola, Corrado Cigolini, Orlando Macedo, Edu Taipe, Roger Machaca, Dario Delle Donne, Marco Laiolo, Anthony Finizola, Riky Centeno, Wendy McCausland, Randall A. White, Nino Puma, Domingo Ramos
Přispěvatelé: Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra [Torino], Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO), Instituto Geofisico del Peru, Instituto Geofísico del Perú, Observatorio Vulcanológico del INGEMMET (Dirección de Geología Ambiental y Riesgo Geológico) [Arequipa], Observatorio Vulcanológico del INGEMMET (Dirección de Geología Ambiental y Riesgo Geológico), Laboratoire GéoSciences Réunion (LGSR), Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra [Firenze] (DST), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Volcano Disaster Assistance Program, Instituto Geofisico del Peru (IPG), Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP), CREC - Centre de Recherche sur l'Espagne Contemporaine XVIIIe - XIXe - XXe siècles - EA 2292 (CREC), Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2015
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, Elsevier, 2015, 302, pp.199-210. ⟨10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.07.005⟩
ISSN: 0377-0273
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.07.005⟩
Popis: International audience; After 3 years of mild gases emissions, the Ubinas volcano entered in a new eruptive phase on September 2nd, 2013. The MIROVA system (a space-based volcanic hot-spot detection system), allowed us to detect in near real time the thermal emissions associated with the eruption and provided early evidence of magma extrusion within the deep summit crater. By combining IR data with plume height, sulfur emissions, hot spring temperatures and seismic activity, we interpret the thermal output detected over Ubinas in terms of extrusion rates associated to the eruption. We suggest that the 2013–2014 eruptive crisis can be subdivided into three main phases: (i) shallow magma intrusion inside the edifice, (ii) extrusion and growing of a lava plug at the bottom of the summit crater coupled with increasing explosive activity and finally, (iii) disruption of the lava plug and gradual decline of the explosive activity. The occurrence of the 8.2 Mw Iquique (Chile) earthquake (365 km away from Ubinas) on April 1st, 2014, may have perturbed most of the analyzed parameters, suggesting a prompt interaction with the ongoing volcanic activity. In particular, the analysis of thermal and seismic datasets shows that the earthquake may have promoted the most intense thermal and explosive phase that culminated in a major explosion on April 19th, 2014. These results reveal the efficiency of space-based thermal observations in detecting the extrusion of hot magma within deep volcanic craters and in tracking its evolution. We emphasize that, in combination with other geophysical and geochemical datasets, MIROVA is an essential tool for monitoring remote volcanoes with rather difficult accessibility, like those of the Andes that reach remarkably high altitudes.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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