Acute myelogenous leukaemia and myelomonocytic blast crisis following polycytemia vera in HIV positive patients: Report of cases and review of the literature
| Autor: | R. Hartenstein, Marcus Hentrich, N. Brack, J. Rockstroh, R. Sandner |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2000 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Polycythaemia Myeloid Anti-HIV Agents Population HIV Infections Aspergillosis Fatal Outcome Polycythemia vera hemic and lymphatic diseases Internal medicine Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols HIV Seropositivity medicine Humans education Polycythemia Vera education.field_of_study business.industry Induction chemotherapy Hematology Middle Aged Viral Load medicine.disease Tumor lysis syndrome Leukemia Myeloid Acute Leukemia medicine.anatomical_structure Oncology Immunology Disease Progression Blast Crisis business |
| Zdroj: | Annals of Oncology. 11:195-200 |
| ISSN: | 0923-7534 |
| Popis: | Summary Background Acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML) and mye-loproliferative diseases are rare in HIV-infected individuals and optimal treatment has not been defined. Patients and methods We report on the cases of two HIV-infected men, one with AML and one with myeloid blast crisis after polycythaemia vera (PV). A comprehensive review of the available literature will be presented. Results Patient 1, a 57-year-old bisexual man known to be HIV seropositive for more than four years (CDC-category Al), presented with a pulmonary infiltrate. On admission WBC showed leukocytes 5.6 × 109/l and the differential revealed 80% blasts. A diagnosis of AML FAB MO was made. Pneumonia resolved under antibiotic reatment and the patient received induction chemotherapy. However, he once more developed multiple pulmonary infiltrates and died of respiratory failure despite broad spectrum antibiotic and antimycotic therapy. Autopsy revealed pulmonary aspergillosis. Patient 2 was a 63-year old HIV-positive hemophiliac (CDC A3) with a 10-year history of PV. On admission his white cell count showed leukocytes 256.6 × 109/l with 82% blasts. Cytochemistry revealed myelomonocytic differentiation. The patient died of tumor lysis syndrome with renal and cardio-pulmonary failure two days later. Conclusions This is the first report of an HIV-infected individual with AML MO. The literature describes the cases of 39 HIV+ patients with AML and only one further case with PV. The association of both, myeloproliferative disease and AML with HIV infection is coincidental. However, the proportion of FAB type M4/5 appears to be higher than in the general population. Despite a high risk of treatment associated mortality durable remissions can be achieved in a small proportion of HIV-infected patients with AML. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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