Picoanalysis of Drugs in Biofluids with Quantitative Label-Free Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
Autor: | Vladimir Turzhitsky, Irving Itzkan, Lei Zhang, Lev T. Perelman, Yuri Zakharov, Umar Khan, Gary L. Horowitz, Edward Vitkin, Le Qiu |
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Rok vydání: | 2018 |
Předmět: |
Analyte
Nanotechnology 02 engineering and technology Biosensing Techniques 010402 general chemistry Spectrum Analysis Raman 01 natural sciences Article Nanoclusters Nanocomposites Biomaterials symbols.namesake General Materials Science Metal nanoparticles Volume concentration Label free Detection limit Chemistry General Chemistry Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 0104 chemical sciences symbols 0210 nano-technology Raman spectroscopy Biotechnology |
Zdroj: | Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany). 14(47) |
ISSN: | 1613-6829 |
Popis: | The enormous increase of Raman signal in the vicinity of metal nanoparticles allows surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to be employed for label-free detection of substances at extremely low concentrations. However, the ultimate potential of label-free SERS to identify pharmaceutical compounds at low concentrations, especially in relation to biofluid sensing, is far from being fully realized. Opioids are a particular challenge for rapid clinical identification because their molecular structural similarities prevent their differentiation with immunolabeling approaches. In this paper, a new method called quantitative label-free SERS (QLF-SERS) which involves the formation of halide-conjugated gold nanoclusters trapping the analyte of interest near the SERS hot spots is reported, and it is demonstrated that it yields a 105 fold improvement in the detection limit over previously reported results for the entire class of clinically relevant opioids and their metabolites. Measurements of opioid concentrations in multicomponent mixtures are also demonstrated. QLF-SERS has comparable detection limits as currently existing laboratory urine drug testing techniques but is significantly faster and inexpensive and, therefore, can be easily adapted as part of a rapid clinical laboratory routine. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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