On the population dynamics of junk:a review on the population genomics of transposable elements
| Autor: | Yann Bourgeois, Stéphane Boissinot |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine lcsh:QH426-470 Population Population Dynamics Population genetics selection Context (language use) Review Biology Balancing selection 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Polymorphism Single Nucleotide Population genomics Evolution Molecular 03 medical and health sciences Negative selection Genetic algorithm Genetics Humans Selection Genetic education Genetics (clinical) Selection (genetic algorithm) education.field_of_study drift population genetics food and beverages Polymorphism Single Nucleotide/genetics DNA Transposable Elements/genetics lcsh:Genetics 030104 developmental biology Genetics Population Evolutionary biology coevolution DNA Transposable Elements Metagenomics transposable elements |
| Zdroj: | Bourgeois, Y & Boissinot, S 2019, ' On the population dynamics of junk : a review on the population genomics of transposable elements ', Genes, vol. 10, no. 6 . https://doi.org/10.3390/genes10060419 Genes Genes, Vol 10, Iss 6, p 419 (2019) |
| DOI: | 10.3390/genes10060419 |
| Popis: | Transposable elements (TEs) play an important role in shaping genomic organization and structure, and may cause dramatic changes in phenotypes. Despite the genetic load they may impose on their host and their importance in microevolutionary processes such as adaptation and speciation, the number of population genetics studies focused on TEs has been rather limited so far compared to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Here, we review the current knowledge about the dynamics of transposable elements at recent evolutionary time scales, and discuss the mechanisms that condition their abundance and frequency. We first discuss non-adaptive mechanisms such as purifying selection and the variable rates of transposition and elimination, and then focus on positive and balancing selection, to finally conclude on the potential role of TEs in causing genomic incompatibilities and eventually speciation. We also suggest possible ways to better model TEs dynamics in a population genomics context by incorporating recent advances in TEs into the rich information provided by SNPs about the demography, selection, and intrinsic properties of genomes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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