Histophilus somni Stimulates Expression of Antiviral Proteins and Inhibits BRSV Replication in Bovine Respiratory Epithelial Cells
| Autor: | Laurel J. Gershwin, Nicole E. Behrens, J. T. Agnes, Matt X. Shao, Y. Tagawa, Chin-Teng Lin, Lynette B. Corbeil |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Pulmonology Physiology Protein Expression lcsh:Medicine Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bovine Virus Replication Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Toxicology Bacterial Adhesion Epithelium Animal Cells Medicine and Health Sciences Toxins Respiratory system lcsh:Science Cells Cultured Mammals Multidisciplinary Virulence Up-Regulation Bacterial Pathogens medicine.anatomical_structure Medical Microbiology Viperin Vertebrates Cellular Types Anatomy Pathogens Research Article Haemophilus Infections Virulence Factors 030106 microbiology Toxic Agents Bacterial Toxins Antiviral protein Bovine respiratory disease Respiratory Mucosa Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections Biology Research and Analysis Methods Antiviral Agents Microbiology Alveolar cells 03 medical and health sciences Bovines Virology Haemophilus somnus medicine Gene Expression and Vector Techniques Animals Respiratory Physiology Molecular Biology Techniques Molecular Biology Microbial Pathogens Molecular Biology Assays and Analysis Techniques lcsh:R Organisms Proteins Biology and Life Sciences Epithelial Cells Cell Biology medicine.disease Endotoxins 030104 developmental biology Biological Tissue Viral replication Respiratory Infections lcsh:Q Cattle Viral Transmission and Infection Respiratory tract |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE PLoS ONE, Vol 11, Iss 2, p e0148551 (2016) |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Popis: | Our previous studies showed that bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) followed by Histophilus somni causes more severe bovine respiratory disease and a more permeable alveolar barrier in vitro than either agent alone. However, microarray analysis revealed the treatment of bovine alveolar type 2 (BAT2) epithelial cells with H. somni concentrated culture supernatant (CCS) stimulated up-regulation of four antiviral protein genes as compared with BRSV infection or dual treatment. This suggested that inhibition of viral infection, rather than synergy, may occur if the bacterial infection occurred before the viral infection. Viperin (or radical S-adenosyl methionine domain containing 2--RSAD2) and ISG15 (IFN-stimulated gene 15--ubiquitin-like modifier) were most up-regulated. CCS dose and time course for up-regulation of viperin protein levels were determined in treated bovine turbinate (BT) upper respiratory cells and BAT2 lower respiratory cells by Western blotting. Treatment of BAT2 cells with H. somni culture supernatant before BRSV infection dramatically reduced viral replication as determined by qRT PCR, supporting the hypothesis that the bacterial infection may inhibit viral infection. Studies of the role of the two known H. somni cytotoxins showed that viperin protein expression was induced by endotoxin (lipooligosaccharide) but not by IbpA, which mediates alveolar permeability and H. somni invasion. A naturally occurring IbpA negative asymptomatic carrier strain of H. somni (129Pt) does not cause BAT2 cell retraction or permeability of alveolar cell monolayers, so lacks virulence in vitro. To investigate initial steps of pathogenesis, we showed that strain 129Pt attached to BT cells and induced a strong viperin response in vitro. Thus colonization of the bovine upper respiratory tract with an asymptomatic carrier strain lacking virulence may decrease viral infection and the subsequent enhancement of bacterial respiratory infection in vivo. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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