Linoleic and α-linolenic acid as precursor and inhibitor for the synthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in liver and brain of growing pigs
| Autor: | J. van Baal, W. Smink, Walter J. J. Gerrits, A. Ruiter, M. Gloaguen |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
Fatty Acid Desaturases
Animal Nutrition Sus scrofa piglets Polymerase Chain Reaction fish oil chemistry.chemical_compound adult-rats humans chemistry.chemical_classification alpha-Linolenic Acid food and beverages docosahexaenoic acid Fish oil Diervoeding Eicosapentaenoic acid Animal culture Eicosapentaenoic Acid Biochemistry Docosahexaenoic acid Fatty Acids Unsaturated Arachidonic acid lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins) Polyunsaturated fatty acid linolenic acid linoleic acid medicine.medical_specialty Docosahexaenoic Acids Fatty Acid Elongases Linolenic acid Linoleic acid brain enzymes formula liver SF1-1100 Acetyltransferases Internal medicine medicine Animals Analysis of Variance behavior n-3 pufa deprivation Metabolism Biosynthetic Pathways Endocrinology chemistry WIAS Animal Science and Zoology desaturase metabolism |
| Zdroj: | Animal, Vol 6, Iss 2, Pp 262-270 (2012) Animal 6 (2012) 2 Animal, 6(2), 262-270 |
| ISSN: | 1751-7311 |
| Popis: | Studies suggested that in human adults, linoleic acid (LA) inhibits the biosynthesis of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), but their effects in growing subjects are largely unknown. We used growing pigs as a model to investigate whether high LA intake affects the conversion of n-3 LC-PUFA by determining fatty acid composition and mRNA levels of Δ5- and Δ6 desaturase and elongase 2 and -5 in liver and brain. In a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, 32 gilts from eight litters were assigned to one of the four dietary treatments, varying in LA and α-linolenic acid (ALA) intakes. Low ALA and LA intakes were 0.15 and 1.31, and high ALA and LA intakes were 1.48 and 2.65 g/kg BW0.75 per day, respectively. LA intake increased arachidonic acid (ARA) in liver. ALA intake increased eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) concentrations, but decreased docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (all P < 0.01) in liver. Competition between the n-3 and n-6 LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathways was evidenced by reductions of ARA (>40%) at high ALA intakes. Concentration of EPA (>35%) and DHA (>20%) was decreased by high LA intake (all P < 0.001). Liver mRNA levels of Δ5- and Δ6 desaturase were increased by LA, and that of elongase 2 by both ALA and LA intakes. In contrast, brain DHA was virtually unaffected by dietary LA and ALA. Generally, dietary LA inhibited the biosynthesis of n-3 LC-PUFA in liver. ALA strongly affects the conversion of both hepatic n-3 and n-6 LC-PUFA. DHA levels in brain were irresponsive to these diets. Apart from Δ6 desaturase, elongase 2 may be a rate-limiting enzyme in the formation of DHA. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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