Effect of Valproic Acid on the Metabolic Spectrum of Clozapine in Patients With Schizophrenia
| Autor: | Robert Løvsletten Smith, Birgit M. Wollmann, Lennart Kyllesø, Thu Thuy Anh Tran, Marit Tveito, Espen Molden |
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| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology. 42:43-50 |
| ISSN: | 1533-712X 0271-0749 |
| Popis: | Valproic acid (VPA) is frequently used with clozapine (CLZ) as mood stabilizer and/or seizure prophylaxis. Valproic acid is known to reduce N-desmethylclozapine (N-DMC) but not CLZ levels. This leads to the hypothesis that VPA induces the CLZ metabolism via non-N-desmethylation pathways. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of concurrent VPA use on the serum concentrations of a spectrum of CLZ metabolites in patients, adjusting for smoking.In total, 288 patients with an overall number of 737 serum concentration measurements of CLZ and metabolites concurrently using VPA (cases, n = 22) or no interacting drugs (controls, n = 266) were included from a routine therapeutic drug monitoring service. Linear mixed model analyses were performed to compare the dose-adjusted concentrations (C/D) of CLZ, N-DMC, CLZ 5N/N+-glucuronides, and metabolite-to-parent ratios in cases versus controls.After adjusting for covariates, the N-DMC (-40%, P0.001) and N+-glucuronide C/Ds (-78%, P0.001) were reduced in cases versus controls, while the CLZ C/D was unchanged (P0.7). In contrast, the 5N-glucuronide C/D (+250%, P0.001) and 5N-glucuronide-to-CLZ ratios (+120%, P = 0.01) were increased in cases versus controls.Our findings show that complex changes in CLZ metabolism underly the pharmacokinetic interaction with VPA. The lower levels of N-DMC seem to be caused by VPA-mediated induction of CLZ 5N-glucuronide formation, subsequently leading to reduced substrate availability for N-desmethylation. Whether the changes in CLZ metabolism caused by VPA affects the clinical outcome warrants further investigation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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