Geochemical behaviour and transport of technology critical metals (TCMs) by the Tinto River (SW Spain) to the Atlantic Ocean
| Autor: | Manuel Olías, José Miguel Nieto, Carlos Ruiz Cánovas, Francisco Macías, Maria Dolores Basallote, Carlos Ayora, Rafael Pérez-López |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Ayora, Carlos [0000-0003-0238-7723], Ayora, Carlos |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Environmental Engineering
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Rare earth Acid mine drainage (AMD) Gallium 010501 environmental sciences Particulates Acid mine drainage 01 natural sciences Pollution REE Flux (metallurgy) AMD-precipitates Global metal fluxes Environmental chemistry Dry season Environmental Chemistry Environmental science Thallium Waste Management and Disposal Base metal Rare earth elements 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Rare earth elements (REEs) |
| Zdroj: | Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC instname Arias Montano. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Huelva |
| Popis: | This paper addresses the behaviour of several technology critical metals (TCMs), i.e., rare earth elements (REEs), Y, Sc, Ga and Tl, in the Tinto River (SW Spain), quantifying their fluxes to the Atlantic Ocean and unravelling the governing geochemical processes controlling their solubility. To accomplish this goal, a high-resolution (2–24 h) sampling was performed during the hydrological year 2017/18. Mean dissolved concentrations of 380 μg/L of REE, 99 μg/L of Y, 15 μg/L of Sc, 9.2 μg/L of Ga and 4.8 μg/L of Tl were found. Most TCMs followed a behaviour similar to that of sulphate and base metals throughout the year, exhibiting a quasi-conservative behaviour due to acidic conditions. However, dissolved Tl concentrations seem to be strongly controlled by Tl incorporation onto secondary minerals and diatoms deposited on the riverbed, especially during the dry season. The remobilization of riverbed sediments led to the transport of significant amounts of TCMs associated with particulate matter, especially Al oxy-hydroxy-sulphates or Al-silicates rather than Fe precipitates (except for Tl and Ga). Around 5.8 t of REE, 1.3 t of Y, 248 kg of Sc, 139 kg of Ga and 138 kg of Tl were delivered annually in their dissolved forms by the Tinto River to the Atlantic Ocean, which constitutes around 0.09% of the dissolved global flux into the oceans of Y, 0.02% of the REE flux, 0.01% of the Ga flux and 0.001% of the Sc flux. This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the research projects SCYRE (CGL2016- 78783-C2-1-R),CAPOTE (CGL2017-54686050- R) and VALOREY (RTI2018 -101276-J-I00).The authors thank to Dr. Damiá Barceló (Co-Editor- in-Chief) and three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments that notably improved the quality of the original manuscript. This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the research projects SCYRE (CGL2016-78783-C2-1-R), CAPOTE (CGL2017-86050-R) and VALOREY (RTI2018-101276-J-I00). The authors thank to Dr. Damiá Barceló (Co-Editor-in-Chief) and three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments that notably improved the quality of the original manuscript. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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