Neurochemical characterization of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive interneurons in the developing rat cerebral cortex
| Autor: | Laura R. Phillips, Tammy M. Lundblad, Joshua B. Martin, Brock A. Barnes, Matthew C. Lally, Angela M. Bohnen, Mark W. Ball, Alexander M. Brown, Benjamin D. Moss, Stephen E. Asmus, Shariya L. Terrell, Emily K. Anderson, Ashley E. Warner, Kevin D. Phelps, Cara G. Quilligan, Lucinda J. Hartley, P. Ryan Steed |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Interneuron Ganglionic eminence Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase Glutamate decarboxylase Cell Count Article Rats Sprague-Dawley Interneurons Pregnancy Internal medicine medicine Animals Molecular Biology Cerebral Cortex biology Tyrosine hydroxylase Caspase 3 Glutamate Decarboxylase General Neuroscience musculoskeletal neural and ocular physiology Age Factors Colocalization Gene Expression Regulation Developmental Rats Endocrinology medicine.anatomical_structure Parvalbumins nervous system Animals Newborn Cerebral cortex biology.protein Female Neurology (clinical) Calretinin Parvalbumin Developmental Biology |
| Popis: | Understanding the development of cortical interneuron phenotypic diversity is critical because interneuron dysfunction has been implicated in several neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunoreactive neurons in the developing and adult rat cortex were characterized in light of findings regarding interneuron neurochemistry and development. Cortical TH-immunoreactive neurons were first observed two weeks postnatally and peaked in number three weeks after birth. At subsequent ages, the number of these cell profiles was gradually reduced, and they were seen less frequently in adults. No DNA fragmentation or active caspase 3 was observed in cortical TH cells at any age examined, eliminating cell death as an explanation for the decrease in cell number. Although cortical TH cells reportedly fail to produce subsequent catecholaminergic enzymes, we found that the majority of these cells at all ages contained phosphorylated TH, suggesting that the enzyme may be active and producing L-DOPA as an end-product. Morphological criteria and colocalization of some TH cells with glutamic acid decarboxylase suggests that these cells are interneurons. Previously, parvalbumin, somatostatin, and calretinin were demonstrated in nonoverlapping subsets of interneurons. Cortical TH neurons colocalized with calretinin but not with parvalbumin or somatostatin. These findings suggest that the transitory increase in TH cell number is not due to cell death but possibly due to alterations in the amount of detectable TH present in these cells, and that at least some cortical TH-producing interneurons belong to the calretinin-containing subset of interneurons that originate developmentally in the caudal ganglionic eminence. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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