International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. XCIX. Angiotensin Receptors: Interpreters of Pathophysiological Angiotensinergic Stimuli [corrected]
| Autor: | Sadashiva S. Karnik, Walter G. Thomas, Kalyan C. Tirupula, Satoru Eguchi, Jacqueline R. Kemp, Hamiyet Unal, Patrick Vanderheyden |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Experimental Pharmacology, Molecular and Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Bio-engineering Sciences |
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Angiotensin receptor
Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases Review Biology Receptor Angiotensin Type 2 Receptor Angiotensin Type 1 Renin-Angiotensin System Mice Structure-Activity Relationship Mediator Research Support N.I.H. Extramural GTP-Binding Proteins Animals Humans Endothelium Receptor Cell Proliferation Pharmacology ATP6AP2 Inflammation Angiotensin II receptor type 1 Polymorphism Genetic Receptors Angiotensin Protein-Tyrosine Kinases Angiotensin II IUPHAR Nomenclature Report Cardiovascular Diseases Immunology Molecular Medicine Kidney Diseases Signal transduction Nervous System Diseases Reactive Oxygen Species Neuroscience Signal Transduction |
| Zdroj: | Pharmacological reviews. 67(4) |
| ISSN: | 1521-0081 |
| Popis: | The renin angiotensin system (RAS) produced hormone peptides regulate many vital body functions. Dysfunctional signaling by receptors for RAS peptides leads to pathologic states. Nearly half of humanity today would likely benefit from modern drugs targeting these receptors. The receptors for RAS peptides consist of three G-protein-coupled receptors-the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT(1) receptor), the angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT(2) receptor), the MAS receptor-and a type II trans-membrane zinc protein-the candidate angiotensin IV receptor (AngIV binding site). The prorenin receptor is a relatively new contender for consideration, but is not included here because the role of prorenin receptor as an independent endocrine mediator is presently unclear. The full spectrum of biologic characteristics of these receptors is still evolving, but there is evidence establishing unique roles of each receptor in cardiovascular, hemodynamic, neurologic, renal, and endothelial functions, as well as in cell proliferation, survival, matrix-cell interaction, and inflammation. Therapeutic agents targeted to these receptors are either in active use in clinical intervention of major common diseases or under evaluation for re-purposing in many other disorders. Broad-spectrum influence these receptors produce in complex pathophysiological context in our body highlights their role as precise interpreters of distinctive angiotensinergic peptide cues. This review article summarizes findings published in the last 15 years on the structure, pharmacology, signaling, physiology, and disease states related to angiotensin receptors. We also discuss the challenges the pharmacologist presently faces in formally accepting newer members as established angiotensin receptors and emphasize necessary future developments. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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