An endogenous adeno-associated virus element in elephants
Autor: | Yuki Kobayashi, Tsukika Shimazu, Takuya Itou, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Koichi Murata |
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Rok vydání: | 2019 |
Předmět: |
Cancer Research
Asia Virus Integration viruses Elephants medicine.disease_cause Genome Virus Cell Line Evolution Molecular Rock hyrax African elephant Open Reading Frames Viral Proteins 03 medical and health sciences Asian elephant Virology biology.animal medicine Animals Gene Adeno-associated virus Phylogeny 030304 developmental biology Genetics 0303 health sciences biology 030306 microbiology Dependovirus biochemical phenomena metabolism and nutrition biology.organism_classification DNA-Binding Proteins Open reading frame Infectious Diseases Liver bacteria |
Zdroj: | Virus Research. 262:10-14 |
ISSN: | 0168-1702 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.04.015 |
Popis: | An endogenous viral element derived from adeno-associated virus containing a nearly intact open reading frame (ORF) of the rep gene (enAAV-rep) has been identified in the genomes of various mammals including degu and African elephant. Particularly, in degu, mRNA expression of enAAV-rep has been observed specifically in the liver. Here we newly identified enAAV-rep in Asian elephant and rock hyrax, both of which are afrotherians. The enAAV-rep of African and Asian elephants appeared to be orthologous and originated from an integration event of the entire genome of AAV into the ancestral genome of elephants more than 6 million years ago, whereas that of rock hyrax appeared to have originated independently. Negative selection operating at the amino acid sequence level was detected for the ORF of enAAV-rep in elephants. As in degu, mRNA expression of enAAV-rep was specifically observed in the liver in Asian elephant. Integrations of enAAV-rep appeared to have occurred independently on the evolutionary lineages of elephants and degu, suggesting that the AAV Rep protein has been co-opted repeatedly in the mammalian liver. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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