Dissociation in aging Holocaust survivors
| Autor: | Steven M. Southwick, Rachel Yehuda, Earl L. Giller, Karen Binder-Brynes, Abbie Elkin, James Schmeidler, Boaz Kahana |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1996 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Time Factors Survival medicine.drug_class Population Dissociative Experiences Scale Dissociative Disorders Dissociative behavioral disciplines and activities Dissociation (psychology) Diagnosis Differential Life Change Events Stress Disorders Post-Traumatic Cumulative trauma mental disorders medicine Humans Psychiatry education Aged Psychiatric Status Rating Scales education.field_of_study Holocaust Age Factors Holocaust survivors Middle Aged medicine.disease humanities Psychiatry and Mental health Posttraumatic stress medicine.symptom Psychology Anxiety disorder Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | American Journal of Psychiatry. 153:935-940 |
| ISSN: | 1535-7228 0002-953X |
| Popis: | Objective This study explored relationships among dissociation, trauma, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in elderly Holocaust survivors with and without PTSD and in a demographically comparable group of nontraumatized subjects. Method Holocaust survivors with PTSD (N = 35) and without PTSD (N = 25) who had been recruited from the community and a comparison group (N = 16) were studied. Dissociation was evaluated with the Dissociative Experiences Scale. Past cumulative trauma and recent stress were evaluated with the Antonovsky Life Crises Scale and the Elderly Care Research Center Recent Life Events Scale, respectively. PTSD symptoms were assessed with the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale. Results The Holocaust survivors with PTSD showed significantly higher levels of current dissociative experiences than did the other groups. However, the extent of dissociation was substantially less than that which has been observed in other trauma survivors with PTSD. Dissociative Experiences Scale scores were significantly associated with PTSD symptom severity, but the relation between Dissociative Experiences Scale scores and exposure to trauma was not significant. Conclusions Possible explanations for this finding include the age of the survivors, the length of time since the traumatic event, and possible unique features of the Holocaust survivor population. Nevertheless, the findings call into question the current notion that PTSD and dissociative experiences represent the same phenomenon. The findings suggest that the relationships among dissociation, trauma, and PTSD can be further clarified by longitudinal studies of trauma survivors. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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