Identifying an accurate self‐reported screening tool for alcohol use disorder: evidence from a Swiss, male population‐based assessment

Autor: Gerhard Gmel, Valentin Rousson, Patrick Heller, Simon Marmet, Stéphanie Baggio, Stéphane Rothen, Frank Sporkert, Joseph Studer, Jean-Bernard Daeppen, Katia Iglesias, Bastien Trächsel
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
Male
Psychometrics
Epidemiology
030508 substance abuse
Medicine (miscellaneous)
Community-based sample
Alcohol use disorder
Cohort Studies
Machine Learning
ddc:616.89
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
Ethyl glucuronide
Mass Screening
ddc:310
030212 general & internal medicine
610 Medicine & health
Public health
education.field_of_study
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Alcoholism
Psychiatry and Mental health
Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies
Alcohol
0305 other medical science
Switzerland
Cohort study
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty
Population
Sensitivity and Specificity
03 medical and health sciences
Machine learning
mental disorders
medicine
Humans
Psychiatry
education
ddc:613
business.industry
ddc:614.1
Gold standard (test)
medicine.disease
Cross-Sectional Studies
alcohol
community-based sample
epidemiology
machine learning
psychometrics
public health
ROC Curve
chemistry
Self Report
business
Biomarkers
Zdroj: Addiction, vol. 115, no. 3, pp. 426-436
Addiction, Vol. 115, No 3 (2020) pp. 426-436
ISSN: 1360-0443
0965-2140
DOI: 10.1111/add.14864
Popis: BACKGROUND AND AIMS Short screenings for alcohol use disorder (AUD) are crucial for public health purposes, but current self-reported measures have several pitfalls and may be unreliable. The main aim of our study was to provide empirical evidence on the psychometric performance of self-reports currently used. Our research questions were: Compared with a gold standard clinical interview, how accurate are 1) self-reported AUD, 2) self-reported alcohol use over time, and 3) biomarkers of alcohol use among Swiss men? Finally, we aimed to identify an alternative screening tool. DESIGN A single-center study with a cross-sectional design and a stratified sample selection. SETTING Lausanne University Hospital (Switzerland) from October 2017 through June 2018. PARTICIPANTS We selected participants from the French-speaking participants of the ongoing Cohort Study on Substance Use and Risk Factors (n=233). The sample included young men aged on average 27.0 years. MEASUREMENTS We used the Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies as the gold standard for DSM-5 AUD. The self-reported measures included 11 criteria for AUD, nine alcohol-related consequences, and previous twelve months' alcohol use. We also assessed biomarkers of chronic excessive drinking (ethyl glucuronide and phosphatidylethanol). FINDINGS None of the self-reported measures/biomarkers taken alone displayed both sensitivity and specificity close to 100% with respect to the gold standard (e.g., self-reported AUD: sensitivity=92.3%, specificity=45.8%). The best model combined eight self-reported criteria of AUD and four alcohol-related consequences. Using a cut-off of three, this screening tool yielded acceptable sensitivity (83.3%) and specificity (78.7%). CONCLUSIONS Neither self-reported alcohol use disorder (AUD) nor heavy alcohol use appear to be adequate to screen for AUD among young men from the Swiss population. The best screening alternative for AUD among young Swiss men appears to be a combination of eight symptoms of AUD and four alcohol-related consequences.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: