Constraining the deforestation history of Europe: Evaluation of historical land use scenarios with pollen-based land cover reconstructions
| Autor: | Anne Birgitte Nielsen, Shinya Sugita, Ralph Fyfe, Anna-Kari Trondman, Kristen M. Krumhardt, Marie-José Gaillard, Jed O. Kaplan, Laurent Marquer, Florence Mazier |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Department of Archaeogenetics [Jena] (DAG), Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History (MPI-SHH), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, University of Colorado [Boulder], Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Institute of Ecology, Tallinn University-Tallinn University, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, School of Geography, Plymouth University-Plymouth University, Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Department of Geology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
010506 paleontology
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Biodiversity Land cover environmental history 01 natural sciences paleoecology Ecosystem services lcsh:Agriculture land use human-environment interactions Deforestation Holocene 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Nature and Landscape Conservation Global and Planetary Change Ecology Land use lcsh:S Vegetation [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography 15. Life on land Earth system science 13. Climate action Environmental science Physical geography |
| Zdroj: | Land Land, Vol 6, Iss 4, p 91 (2017) Land Economics Land Economics, University of Wisconsin Press, 2017, 6 (4), 20 p. ⟨10.3390/land6040091⟩ Land; Volume 6; Issue 4; Pages: 91 Land, 6(4):91 |
| ISSN: | 0023-7639 |
| Popis: | International audience; Anthropogenic land cover change (ALCC) is the most important transformation of the Earth system that occurred in the preindustrial Holocene, with implications for carbon, water and sediment cycles, biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem services and regional and global climate. For example, anthropogenic deforestation in preindustrial Eurasia may have led to feedbacks to the climate system: both biogeophysical, regionally amplifying winter cold and summer warm temperatures, and biogeochemical, stabilizing atmospheric CO 2 concentrations and thus influencing global climate. Quantification of these effects is difficult, however, because scenarios of anthropogenic land cover change over the Holocene vary widely, with increasing disagreement back in time. Because land cover change had such widespread ramifications for the Earth system, it is essential to assess current ALCC scenarios in light of observations and provide guidance on which models are most realistic. Here, we perform a systematic evaluation of two widely-used ALCC scenarios (KK10 and HYDE3.1) in northern and part of central Europe using an independent, pollen-based reconstruction of Holocene land cover (REVEALS). Considering that ALCC in Europe primarily resulted in deforestation, we compare modeled land use with the cover of non-forest vegetation inferred from the pollen data. Though neither land cover change scenario matches the pollen-based reconstructions precisely, KK10 correlates well with REVEALS at the country scale, while HYDE systematically underestimates land use with increasing magnitude with time in the past. Discrepancies between modeled and reconstructed land use are caused by a number of factors, including assumptions of per-capita land use and socio-cultural factors that cannot be predicted on the basis of the characteristics of the physical environment, including dietary preferences, long-distance trade, the location of urban areas and social organization. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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