Phytoremediation removal rates of benzene, toluene, and chlorobenzene
| Autor: | David J. Westenberg, Matt A. Limmer, Jordan L. Wilson, Joel G. Burken, Amy S. Lee, Mark Siegman |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Plant Science
010501 environmental sciences Chlorobenzenes 01 natural sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Environmental Chemistry Soil Pollutants Microbial biodegradation Benzene 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Transpiration 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Contamination Pollution Toluene Phytoremediation Biodegradation Environmental chemistry Chlorobenzene Environmental chemistry 040103 agronomy & agriculture 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries Environmental science Groundwater |
| Zdroj: | International journal of phytoremediation. 20(7) |
| ISSN: | 1549-7879 |
| Popis: | Phytoremediation is a sustainable remedial approach, although performance efficacy is rarely reported. In this study, we assessed a phytoremediation plot treating benzene, toluene, and chlorobenzene. A comparison of the calculated phytoremediation removal rate with estimates of onsite contaminant mass was used to forecast cleanup periods. The investigation demonstrated that substantial microbial degradation was occurring in the subsurface. Estimates of transpiration indicated that the trees planted were removing approximately 240,000 L of water per year. This large quantity of water removal implies substantial removal of contaminant due to large amounts of contaminants in the groundwater; however, these contaminants extensively sorb to the soil, resulting in large quantities of contaminant mass in the subsurface. The total estimate of subsurface contaminant mass was also complicated by the presence of non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPL), additional contaminant masses that were difficult to quantify. These uncertainties of initial contaminant mass at the site result in large uncertainty in the cleanup period, although mean estimates are on the order of decades. Collectively, the model indicates contaminant removal rates on the order of 10-2-100 kg/tree/year. The benefit of the phytoremediation system is relatively sustainable cleanup over the long periods necessary due to the presence of NAPL. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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