Risk analysis and seroprevalence of bovine ephemeral fever virus in cattle in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| Autor: | Ahmed Zaghawa, Ramiro E. Toribio, Ahmed Kamr, Abdulmohsen Al-Naeem, Fadhel Housawi, Hassan Al-Nakhly |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Ephemeral Fever Male Veterinary medicine Ephemeral Fever Virus Bovine Saudi Arabia Biology Breeding Antibodies Viral 03 medical and health sciences Food Animals Risk Factors Seroepidemiologic Studies Bovine ephemeral fever Seroprevalence Animals Animal Husbandry Incidence (epidemiology) Vaccination biology.organism_classification Breed 030104 developmental biology Risk analysis (engineering) Herd Enzootic Animal Science and Zoology Cattle Female Seasons |
| Zdroj: | Tropical animal health and production. 48(3) |
| ISSN: | 1573-7438 |
| Popis: | Bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) is an arthropod-borne rhabdovirus that causes disabling clinical signs and major economic losses in cattle and water buffalo. The disease is well documented in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East; however, the seroprevalence of BEFV in different regions and bovine breeds in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is unknown. The aim of this study was to analyze risk factors which affect the prevalence of antibodies against BEFV in small herds of cattle in four geographical regions of KSA. A total of 1480 serum samples from non-BEFV vaccinated small herds of cattle were collected from the Eastern, Jizan, Qasim, and Riyadh regions (370 samples per region) during the summer of 2010. Serum neutralization test was used to detect antibodies against BEFV. There was a significant effect of region, breed, sex, and age on the seroprevalence of BEFV. Seropositive ratios were 18, 18, 26, and 12 % for the Eastern, Jizan, Qasim, and Riyadh regions, respectively (P = 0.00002); 23.2 % for dairy and 13.7 % for non-dairy breeds (P = 0.00004); 24.4 % for males and 14.6 % for females (P = 0.00004); and 15.4, 29.1, and 11.4 % for animals1 year, 1-3 years, and3 years, respectively (P 0.001). Risk analysis showed a significant effect of different regions of KSA on the seroprevalence of BEFV. Host risk factors (age, sex, and breed) showed also a significant effect on the seroprevalence of BEFV. This indicates active circulation of this virus in small herds of cattle. Insect control strategies and BEFV vaccination programs during the spring are recommended to reduce the spread of BEFV and minimize subsequent economic losses as this is adopted in many enzootic countries. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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