Intrauterine devices in early pregnancy: findings on ultrasound and clinical outcomes
| Autor: | Elysia Moschos, Diane M. Twickler |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty Pain Endometrium Intrauterine device Human chorionic gonadotropin Pregnancy Humans Medicine Retrospective Studies Ultrasonography Gynecology business.industry Obstetrics Obstetrics and Gynecology Retrospective cohort study medicine.disease Pregnancy Ectopic Malpositioned Pregnancy Trimester First medicine.anatomical_structure Family planning Female business Developed country Intrauterine Devices |
| Zdroj: | American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 204:427.e1-427.e6 |
| ISSN: | 0002-9378 |
| Popis: | Objective The objective of this study was to describe ultrasound findings, clinical symptoms, and outcomes of first-trimester pregnancies with intrauterine devices (IUDs). Study Design This was a retrospective review of 42 women with history of IUD placement and positive serum human chorionic gonadotropin in the first trimester. Results There were 31 intrauterine pregnancies (IUPs), 3 ectopic pregnancies, and 8 pregnancies of unknown location. Of 36 IUDs visualized, 15 were normally positioned and 21 malpositioned. Of 31 IUPs, 8 IUDs were within the endometrium, 17 were malpositioned, and 6 were not seen. Indications included bleeding (14 of 31), pain (12 of 31), and missing strings (5 of 31); 11 had no symptoms. Of 26 IUPs with known pregnancy outcomes, 20 were term deliveries and 6 had failed pregnancies of 20 weeks or less. Conclusion More than half of IUDs identified in the first trimester were malpositioned. IUP was 3 times as likely with a malpositioned or missing IUD. Three quarters of the IUPs with known outcomes had term deliveries. Symptoms were not predictive of IUD malposition. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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