A biokinetic model for trivalent or hexavalent chromium in adult humans
| Autor: | Richard W. Leggett, M. M. Hiller |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Chromium inorganic chemicals Metabolic Clearance Rate chemistry.chemical_element Radiation Dosage Models Biological 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine otorhinolaryngologic diseases Animals Humans Tissue Distribution Hexavalent chromium Waste Management and Disposal Chemistry technology industry and agriculture Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Absorption Radiation Environmental Exposure General Medicine 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Environmental chemistry Biological Assay Oxidation-Reduction |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Radiological Protection. 40:19-39 |
| ISSN: | 1361-6498 0952-4746 |
| DOI: | 10.1088/1361-6498/ab4286 |
| Popis: | Chromium exists in several oxidation states, with the trivalent state (Cr(III)) being the dominant naturally occurring form. Chromium in other oxidation states tends to be converted to the trivalent oxide in the natural environment and in biological systems. Chromium(III) has been shown to be an essential nutrient for humans and several non-human species. Chromium(VI), the second most stable form of chromium, is an important environmental contaminant that is mostly of industrial origin and is associated with lung cancer and nose tumours in chromium workers. This paper proposes a biokinetic model for chromium that addresses the distinctive behaviours of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) following uptake to blood of an adult human. The model is based on biokinetic data derived from relatively short-term studies involving administration of chromium tracers to adult human subjects or laboratory animals, supplemented with data on the long-term distribution of chromium in adult humans as estimated from autopsy measurements. The model is part of a comprehensive update of biokinetic models of the International Commission on Radiological Protection, used to project or evaluate radiation doses from occupational intake of radionuclides. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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