Punctal agenesis: Embryology, presentation, management modalities and outcomes
| Autor: | Suzanne K. Freitag, Larissa A. Habib, Jenny C. Dohlman |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Modalities Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases business.industry General surgery Treatment outcome Lacrimal Apparatus General Medicine Disease medicine.disease Lacrimal punctum Treatment Outcome medicine.anatomical_structure Agenesis Embryology Humans Medicine In patient Anatomy Presentation (obstetrics) business Developmental Biology |
| Zdroj: | Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger. 224:113-116 |
| ISSN: | 0940-9602 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.aanat.2019.04.004 |
| Popis: | Punctal agenesis is defined as the absence of the punctum occurring secondary to a failure of embryogenesis. This review synthesizes existing data on the embryology, anatomy, clinical presentation, symptomatology, management options and treatment outcomes of punctal agenesis. A foundational knowledge of the underlying embryologic and anatomical abnormalities is fundamental to understanding its clinical presentation and assists in choosing an appropriate management strategy. Existing outcomes data is generally favorable and suggests management with a step-wise approach can alleviate symptoms in patients across a spectrum of disease. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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