Association of EGLN1 gene with high aerobic capacity of Peruvian Quechua at high altitude
| Autor: | Jenna L Isherwood, Frank S. Lee, Tom D. Brutsaert, Melisa Kiyamu, Fabiola León-Velarde, Abigail W. Bigham, Sudipta Ghosh, Gianpietro Elias Revollendo, Maria Rivera-Ch |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Candidate gene Genotype Peruvian Quechua Physiological Acclimatization selection Single-nucleotide polymorphism Biology Stress Population stratification Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-Proline Dioxygenases Altitude Gene Frequency Genetic Peru evolution Genetics Humans Adaptation Polymorphism 1000 Genomes Project Indigenous Peoples Multidisciplinary hypoxia Single Nucleotide Biological Sciences Effects of high altitude on humans purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.11 [https] Oxygen aerobic capacity purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.01.02 [https] biology.protein Female EGLN1 |
| Zdroj: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol 116, iss 48 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |
| ISSN: | 1091-6490 0027-8424 |
| Popis: | Highland native Andeans have resided at altitude for millennia. They display high aerobic capacity (VO 2 max) at altitude, which may be a reflection of genetic adaptation to hypoxia. Previous genomewide (GW) scans for natural selection have nominated Egl-9 homolog 1 gene ( EGLN1 ) as a candidate gene. The encoded protein, EGLN1/PHD2, is an O 2 sensor that controls levels of the Hypoxia Inducible Factor-α (HIF-α), which regulates the cellular response to hypoxia. From GW association and analysis of covariance performed on a total sample of 429 Peruvian Quechua and 94 US lowland referents, we identified 5 EGLN1 SNPs associated with higher VO 2 max (L⋅min −1 and mL⋅min −1 ⋅kg −1 ) in hypoxia (rs1769793, rs2064766, rs2437150, rs2491403, rs479200). For 4 of these SNPs, Quechua had the highest frequency of the advantageous (high VO 2 max) allele compared with 25 diverse lowland comparison populations from the 1000 Genomes Project. Genotype effects were substantial, with high versus low VO 2 max genotype categories differing by ∼11% (e.g., for rs1769793 SNP genotype TT = 34.2 mL⋅min −1 ⋅kg −1 vs. CC = 30.5 mL⋅min −1 ⋅kg −1 ). To guard against spurious association, we controlled for population stratification. Findings were replicated for EGLN1 SNP rs1769793 in an independent Andean sample collected in 2002. These findings contextualize previous reports of natural selection at EGLN1 in Andeans, and support the hypothesis that natural selection has increased the frequency of an EGLN1 causal variant that enhances O 2 delivery or use during exercise at altitude in Peruvian Quechua. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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