Ten-year trends in contact allergy to formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasers
| Autor: | Nina H. Ulrich, Jeanne D. Johansen, Ida M. Fasth |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Preservative
Allergy medicine.medical_specialty Formaldehyde releaser media_common.quotation_subject Denmark Formaldehyde Dermatology Cosmetics 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Prevalence Immunology and Allergy Medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Registries media_common business.industry Preservatives Pharmaceutical Patch test Patch Tests medicine.disease Chromotropic acid Cross-Sectional Studies chemistry Dermatitis Occupational Contact allergy Dermatitis Allergic Contact business |
| Zdroj: | Contact dermatitis. 79(5) |
| ISSN: | 1600-0536 |
| Popis: | Background Preservatives such as formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasers are common causes of contact allergy. Objectives To examine trends in contact allergy to formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasers in patch tested patients in Denmark over a 10-year period (2007-2016), and to investigate relevant sources of formaldehyde among the patients. Methods A cross-sectional registry study on patch test data from patients tested with formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasers (N = 8463) was performed. The presence of released formaldehyde in products from formaldehyde-allergic patients was identified with chemical analyses (chromotropic acid or acetylacetone test). Results The prevalence of contact allergy to formaldehyde 1% was 1.5%, and ranged between 0.97% and 2.3%, with a decreasing trend in this 10-year period. Contact allergy to formaldehyde 2% was found in 2.4%, and no significant trend was observed. Quaternium-15 was the formaldehyde-releaser most often positive (0.86%). Patients allergic to formaldehyde often had simultaneous positive patch test reactions to formaldehyde-releasers (36%). Almost 63% of the patients with formaldehyde allergy used products that released formaldehyde; cosmetics were the most common sources. Conclusions Although contact allergy to formaldehyde 1% decreased in this 10-year time period, contact allergies to formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasers overall remain frequent in patients. In most cases, formaldehyde-allergic patients are exposed to ≥1 products containing formaldehyde. Improved regulation on permitted amounts of free formaldehyde in cosmetics is still warranted, including direct labelling of formaldehyde when it is present in small but relevant amounts. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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