The rise of intelligent matter

Autor: Bart Jan Ravoo, W. G. van der Wiel, Wolfram H. P. Pernice, C. Kaspar, Seraphine V. Wegner
Přispěvatelé: MESA+ Institute, Nano Electronics
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Zdroj: Nature, 594, 345-355. Nature Publishing Group
ISSN: 0028-0836
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03453-y
Popis: Artificial intelligence (AI) is accelerating the development of unconventional computing paradigms inspired by the abilities and energy efficiency of the brain. The human brain excels especially in computationally intensive cognitive tasks, such as pattern recognition and classification. A long-term goal is de-centralized neuromorphic computing, relying on a network of distributed cores to mimic the massive parallelism of the brain, thus rigorously following a nature-inspired approach for information processing. Through the gradual transformation of interconnected computing blocks into continuous computing tissue, the development of advanced forms of matter exhibiting basic features of intelligence can be envisioned, able to learn and process information in a delocalized manner. Such intelligent matter would interact with the environment by receiving and responding to external stimuli, while internally adapting its structure to enable the distribution and storage (as memory) of information. We review progress towards implementations of intelligent matter using molecular systems, soft materials or solid-state materials, with respect to applications in soft robotics, the development of adaptive artificial skins and distributed neuromorphic computing. Inanimate matter is beginning to show some signs of basic intelligence—the ability to sense, actuate and use memory, as controlled by an internal communication network in functional materials.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: