Nontargeted detection of designer androgens: Underestimated role of in vitro bioassays
| Autor: | Adam Cawley, Zoe Ashley, Hui Wang, Rachel A. Lund, Elliot R. Cooper, Alison K. Heather |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.drug_class
Pharmaceutical Science Performance-Enhancing Substances Computational biology Biology Response Elements urologic and male genital diseases 01 natural sciences Cell Line Designer Drugs Analytical Chemistry 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Anabolic Agents 0302 clinical medicine Predictive Value of Tests Yeasts Mammalian cell medicine Humans Environmental Chemistry Bioassay 030216 legal & forensic medicine Spectroscopy Doping in Sports Nonsteroidal 010401 analytical chemistry Reproducibility of Results Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids Androgen In vitro 0104 chemical sciences Substance Abuse Detection Androgen receptor Physiological Adaptations chemistry Receptors Androgen Androgens Biological Assay |
| Zdroj: | Drug Testing and Analysis. 13:894-902 |
| ISSN: | 1942-7611 1942-7603 |
| Popis: | Androgens, both steroidal and nonsteroidal in nature, are among the most commonly misused substances in competitive sports. Their recognized anabolic and performance enhancing effects through short- and long-term physiological adaptations make them popular. Androgens exist as natural steroids, or are chemically synthesized as anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) or selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs). In order to effectively detect misuse of androgens, targeted strategies are used. These targeted strategies rely heavily on mass spectrometry, and detection requires prior knowledge of the targeted structure and its metabolites. Although exquisitely sensitive, such approaches may fail to detect novel structures that are developed and marketed. A nontargeted approach to androgen detection involves the use of cell-based in vitro bioassays. Both yeast and mammalian cell androgen bioassays demonstrate a clear ability to detect AAS and SARMS, and if paired with high resolution mass spectrometry can putatively identify novel structures. In vitro cell bioassays are successfully used to characterize designer molecules and to detect exogenous androgens in biological samples. It is important to continue to develop new and effective detection approaches to prevent misuse of designer androgens, and in vitro bioassays represent a potential solution to nontargeted detection strategies. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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