Bioaccumulation and toxicity of a cationic surfactant (DODMAC) in sediment dwelling freshwater invertebrates
| Autor: | K.L. Rule, S.F. Webb, A.U. Conrad, S. Marshall, Sean Comber, Sebastian Höss |
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| Rok vydání: | 2006 |
| Předmět: |
Lumbriculus variegatus
Amphipoda Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Fresh Water Toxicology Surface-Active Agents Pulmonary surfactant Ecotoxicology Animals Oligochaeta Caenorhabditis elegans Toxicity Tests Chronic Chronic toxicity No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level biology Ecology General Medicine biology.organism_classification Pollution Tubifex Invertebrates Quaternary Ammonium Compounds Tubifex tubifex Bioaccumulation Environmental chemistry Water Pollutants Chemical |
| Zdroj: | Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987). 153(1) |
| ISSN: | 0269-7491 |
| Popis: | Dimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride (DODMAC, CAS No. 107-64-2) is the principal active component of Di(hydrogenated tallow alkyl) dimethylammonium chloride (DHTDMAC, CAS No. 61789-80-8), a cationic surfactant formerly used principally in laundry fabric softeners. After discharge to water, DODMAC partitions strongly to sediment, therefore the assessment of the effects of DODMAC to benthic organisms is essential in any risk assessment. Chronic toxicity studies were conducted with Lumbriculus variegatus (Oligochaete), Tubifex tubifex (Oligochaete) and Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode). NOECs were greater than 5738, 1515 and 1351 mg/kg dw, respectively, even for sub-lethal effects. Measurement of the route of uptake of DODMAC by L. variegatus demonstrated the relative importance of uptake via ingestion (86%) compared with direct contact with the sediment and via pore water (14%). The overall tendency of DODMAC to bioaccumulate, however, was low with measured accumulation factors of 0.22 and 0.78 for L. variegatus and T. tubifex, respectively. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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