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Additional file 1: Figure S1. EDS analysis of NAV. Table S1. MIC of NiO NPs, AuNPs@Van and NAV against MRSA under 808 nm NIR irradiation. Figure S2. (A) The survival rate of MRSA after treatment with different concentrations (7.80, 15.6, 31.3, 62.5, 125 and 250 μg/mL) of AuNPs (AuNPs-NIR(-) and AuNPs-NIR(+)). (B) Photographs of colony formation of MRSA corresponding to (A). Figure S3. TEM images of (A) MRSA and (B) E. coli treated with AuNPs@Van at 125 μg/mL. (C and D) TEM images of MRSA and E. coli mixed bacteria suspension treated with AuNPs@Van at 125 μg/mL. Figure S4. Antibacterial activity and binding ability of NiO NPs and NAV. (A) Binding of MRSA by NiO NPs and NAV. (B) The survival rate of MRSA after treatment with NiO NPs and NAV. (C) Photographs of colony formation of MRSA corresponding to (B). Figure S5. Morphologies of MRSA treated separately by PBS-NIR(-), PBS-NIR(+), AuNPs@Van-NIR(-), NiO NPs-NIR(-), NiO NPs -NIR(+), NAV-NIR(-) and NAV-NIR(+) at 125 μg/mL with (NIR(+)) or without (NIR(-)) 808 nm NIR irradiation for 10 min. Figure S6. The toxicity assay of NAV in vivo. Changes of major serum biochemistry indicators of aspartate transaminase (AST) (A), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (B), albumin (ALB) (C) and creatinine (D) in normal mice after treated by PBS and NAV. (E) The H&E staining of internal organs (heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney) after treated by PBS and NAV. Table S2. The wound healing rate of different treatment groups. Figure S7. (A) Photographs of MRSA-infected skins treated with I (PBS-NIR(-)), II (AuNPs-NIR(-)), III (AuNPs-NIR(+)), IV (AuNPs@Van-NIR(-)), V(AuNPs@Van-NIR(+)), VI (NiO NPs-NIR(-)), VII (NiO NPs-NIR(+)) after 0, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 days of therapy. (B) Corresponding agar plate experiment pictures of MRSA-infected skin in different treatment groups after 0, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 days of treatment. (C) Changes in the wound area of infected mice from day 0 to 9 during treatment. (D) The inhibition rate on bacterial growth for different treatment groups at different time intervals corresponding to (B). Changes of neutrophil (NE) (E), monocyte (MON) (F) and white blood cell (WBC) (G) levels in different treatment groups. (H) Changes in the body weight of MRSA-infected mice from day 0 to 9 during treatment. Changes of MRSA-infected mice in (I) red blood cells (RBC), (J) mean corpuscular volume (MCV), (K) mean corpuscular volume (MCH) and (L) hematocrit (HCT) after different treatments. Figure S8. Changes of major serum biochemistry indicators of alanine transaminase (ALT) (A), aspartate transaminase (AST) (B), creatinine (C), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (D), albumin (ALB) (E) in MRSA-infected mice after 9 days of treatment. Figure S9. Changes of MRSA-infected mice in (A) red blood cells (RBC), (B) mean corpuscular volume (MCH), (C) hemoglobin (HGB), (D) hematocrit (HCT) and (E) mean corpuscular volume (MCV) after different treatments. Figure S10. The viability of NIH 3T3 cells and Vero cells after 48 h of incubation with different concentrations of (A) Au3+ and (B) Ni2+. |
