Biotransformation and sorption of trace organic compounds in biological nutrient removal treatment systems
| Autor: | Eric R.V. Dickenson, Brett J. Vanderford, Drew C. McAvoy, Pablo Campo-Moreno, Oscar Quiñones, Narasimman Lakshminarasimman |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Environmental Engineering
0208 environmental biotechnology Pharmaceuticals and personal care products 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Environmental impact of pharmaceuticals and personal care products Redox Trace organic compounds chemistry.chemical_compound Biotransformation Environmental Chemistry Waste Management and Disposal 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Benzotriazole Extraction (chemistry) Biological nutrient removal treatment Pollution Anoxic waters 020801 environmental engineering Triclosan Activated sludge chemistry Environmental chemistry Sorption |
| Popis: | This study determined biotransformation rates (kbio) and sorption-distribution coefficients (Kd) for a select group of trace organic compounds (TOrCs) in anaerobic, anoxic, and aerobic activated sludge collected from two different biological nutrient removal (BNR) treatment systems located in Nevada (NV) and Ohio (OH) in the United States (US). The NV and OH facilities operated at solids retention times (SRTs) of 8 and 23 days, respectively. Using microwave-assisted extraction, the biotransformation rates of the chosen TOrCs were measured in the total mixed liquor. Sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, and atenolol biotransformed in all three redox regimes irrespective of the activated sludge source. The biotransformation of N, N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET), triclosan, and benzotriazole was observed in aerobic activated sludge from both treatment plants; however, anoxic biotransformation of these three compounds was seen only in anoxic activated sludge from NV. Carbamazepine was recalcitrant in all three redox regimes and both sources of activated sludge. Atenolol and DEET had greater biotransformation rates in activated sludge with a higher SRT (23 days), while trimethoprim had a higher biotransformation rate in activated sludge with a lower SRT (8 days). The remaining compounds did not show any dependence on SRT. Lyophilized, heat inactivated sludge solids were used to determine the sorption-distribution coefficients. Triclosan was the most sorptive compound followed by carbamazepine, sulfamethoxazole, DEET, and benzotriazole. The sorption-distribution coefficients were similar across redox conditions and sludge sources. The biotransformation rates and sorption-distribution coefficients determined in this study can be used to improve fate prediction of the target TOrCs in BNR treatment systems. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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