Closed system with agent-specific vaporizers and nitrous oxide
| Autor: | Lucien E. Morris |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1994 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Closed system (control theory) Nitrous Oxide Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine Learning experience chemistry.chemical_compound Nitrogen Protoxide Oxygen Consumption Anesthesia Closed-Circuit Medicine Humans Process engineering Closed circuit Ventilators Mechanical Isoflurane business.industry Nebulizers and Vaporizers Masks Nitrous oxide Equipment Design Carbon Dioxide Oxygen Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine chemistry Anesthesia Adsorption Volatilization business Halothane Clinical skills |
| Zdroj: | Anaesthesia and intensive care. 22(4) |
| ISSN: | 0310-057X |
| Popis: | Through judicious use of nitrous oxide the closed system can be quite effectively used with currently available equipment including both agent-specific direct-reading percentage vaporizers and suitable devices for the measurement of end-tidal concentrations of oxygen, carbon dioxide and anaesthetic agents. It is only necessary to think in terms of required volumes of fresh gases and vapours added to the system as well as the appropriate concentrations of oxygen and anaesthetic in the respired mixture. When used as described the inspired concentration of nitrous oxide in the closed system should never exceed 50% (usually about 40%). Therefore nitrous oxide will not pose the threat of hypoxaemia unless misused. Experience in teaching this method during the previous decade supports a belief that learning the use of a truly closed circle absorption anaesthesia system is fundamentally important to the development of clinical skills and also facilitates understanding of basic concepts related to respiratory physiology and the uptake and distribution of inhalation anaesthetics. It follows that students and residents should be introduced to this method in the early weeks of their learning experience. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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