Mitochondrial mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction
| Autor: | Antoni Wrzosek, Piotr Bednarczyk, Wioletta Nobik, Wieslawa Jarmuszkiewicz, Izabela Sobieraj, Adam Szewczyk, Dorota Dymkowska, Krzysztof Zabłocki, Agata Skup, Agnieszka Lukasiak, Agnieszka Koziel, Beata Drabarek |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Pharmacology
Mitochondrial ROS Membrane Potential Mitochondrial NADPH oxidase Potassium Channels biology Cardiovascular Agents General Medicine Mitochondrion medicine.disease Cell biology Mitochondria Oxidative Stress Mitochondrial respiratory chain Cardiovascular agent biology.protein medicine Uncoupling protein Animals Humans Endothelium Vascular Endothelial dysfunction Inner mitochondrial membrane Reactive Oxygen Species |
| Zdroj: | Pharmacological reports : PR. 67(4) |
| ISSN: | 2299-5684 |
| Popis: | Endothelial cells play an important physiological role in vascular homeostasis. They are also the first barrier that separates blood from deeper layers of blood vessels and extravascular tissues. Thus, they are exposed to various physiological blood components as well as challenged by pathological stimuli, which may exert harmful effects on the vascular system by stimulation of excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The major sources of ROS are NADPH oxidase and mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes. Modulation of mitochondrial energy metabolism in endothelial cells is thought to be a promising target for therapy in various cardiovascular diseases. Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is a regulator of mitochondrial ROS generation and can antagonise oxidative stress-induced endothelial dysfunction. Several studies have revealed the important role of UCP2 in hyperglycaemia-induced modifications of mitochondrial function in endothelial cells. Additionally, potassium fluxes through the inner mitochondrial membrane, which are involved in ROS synthesis, affect the mitochondrial volume and change both the mitochondrial membrane potential and the transport of calcium into the mitochondria. In this review, we concentrate on the mitochondrial role in the cytoprotection phenomena of endothelial cells. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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