Unveiling the Actual Functions of Awns in Grasses: From Yield Potential to Quality Traits
| Autor: | Wengang Xie, Fabrice Ntakirutimana |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine grain filling grain quality Review Grain filling Biology Poaceae 01 natural sciences grass species Catalysis Inorganic Chemistry lcsh:Chemistry 03 medical and health sciences Quantitative Trait Heritable Biomass yield Grain quality Biomass Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Molecular Biology lcsh:QH301-705.5 Spectroscopy photosynthesis grain shattering grain yield Organic Chemistry food and beverages biomass yield General Medicine molecular genetic factors Computer Science Applications Plant development Plant Breeding 030104 developmental biology Agronomy lcsh:Biology (General) lcsh:QD1-999 Grain yield Biological dispersal forage quality awns Edible Grain 010606 plant biology & botany |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 21, Iss 7593, p 7593 (2020) International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| ISSN: | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| Popis: | Awns, which are either bristles or hair-like outgrowths of lemmas in the florets, are one of the typical morphological characteristics of grass species. These stiff structures contribute to grain dispersal and burial and fend off animal predators. However, their phenotypic and genetic associations with traits deciding potential yield and quality are not fully understood. Awns appear to improve photosynthesis, provide assimilates for grain filling, thus contributing to the final grain yield, especially under temperature- and water-stress conditions. Long awns, however, represent a competing sink with developing kernels for photosynthates, which can reduce grain yield under favorable conditions. In addition, long awns can hamper postharvest handling, storage, and processing activities. Overall, little is known about the elusive role of awns, thus, this review summarizes what is known about the effect of awns on grain yield and biomass yield, grain nutritional value, and forage-quality attributes. The influence of awns on the agronomic performance of grasses seems to be associated with environmental and genetic factors and varies in different stages of plant development. The contribution of awns to yield traits and quality features previously documented in major cereal crops, such as rice, barley, and wheat, emphasizes that awns can be targeted for yield and quality improvement and may advance research aimed at identifying the phenotypic effects of morphological traits in grasses. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|