Pistachio Consumption Alleviates Inflammation and Improves Gut Microbiota Composition in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet
| Autor: | Sara Baldassano, Gaetano Felice Caldara, Simona Terzo, Maria Vitale, Roberto Puleio, Giovanni Cassata, Flavia Mulè, Vincenzo Ferrantelli, Antonella Amato |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Terzo S, Mule F, Caldara Gaetano Felice, Baldassano S, Puleio R, Vitale Maria, Cassata Giovanni, Ferrantelli V, Amato A. |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Male Interleukin-1beta Adipose tissue Gut flora lcsh:Chemistry Mice 0302 clinical medicine Lactobacillus lcsh:QH301-705.5 Spectroscopy Chemokine CCL2 biology digestive oral and skin physiology food and beverages General Medicine pistachio intake obesity-related inflammation pistachio intake gut microbiota HFD mice adipose tissue Computer Science Applications adipose tissue Liver Pistacia lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins) medicine.symptom hormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonists medicine.medical_specialty 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Inflammation Diet High-Fat Catalysis Article Inorganic Chemistry 03 medical and health sciences Internal medicine obesity-related inflammation medicine Animals HFD mice Obesity Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Molecular Biology Feces gut microbiota Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Organic Chemistry nutritional and metabolic diseases medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Gastrointestinal Microbiome Mice Inbred C57BL 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology lcsh:Biology (General) lcsh:QD1-999 Dysbiosis Metabolic syndrome Diet Therapy |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 21, Iss 1, p 365 (2020) Volume 21 Issue 1 |
| ISSN: | 1422-0067 |
| Popis: | High-fat diet (HFD) induces inflammation and microbial dysbiosis, which are components of the metabolic syndrome. Nutritional strategies can be a valid tool to prevent metabolic and inflammatory diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate if the chronic intake of pistachio prevents obesity-associated inflammation and dysbiosis in HFD-fed mice. Three groups of male mice (four weeks old n = 8 per group) were fed for 16 weeks with a standard diet (STD), HFD, or HFD supplemented with pistachios (HFD-P 180 g/kg of HFD). Serum, hepatic and adipose tissue inflammation markers were analyzed in HFD-P animals and compared to HFD and STD groups. Measures of inflammation, obesity, and intestinal integrity were assessed. Fecal samples were collected for gut microbiota analysis. Serum TNF-&alpha and IL-1&beta levels were significantly reduced in HFD-P compared to HFD. Number and area of adipocytes, crown-like structure density, IL-1&beta TNF-&alpha F4-80, and CCL-2 mRNA expression levels were significantly reduced in HFD-P subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues, compared to HFD. A significant reduction in the number of inflammatory foci and IL-1&beta and CCL-2 gene expression was observed in the liver of HFD-P mice compared with HFD. Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was reduced in HFD-P mice in comparison to the HFD group. A pistachio diet significantly increased abundance of healthy bacteria genera such as Parabacteroides, Dorea, Allobaculum, Turicibacter, Lactobacillus, and Anaeroplasma, and greatly reduced bacteria associated with inflammation, such as Oscillospira, Desulfovibrio, Coprobacillus, and Bilophila. The intestinal conductance was lower in HFD-P mice than in the HFD mice, suggesting an improvement in the gut barrier function. The results of the present study showed that regular pistachio consumption improved inflammation in obese mice. The positive effects could be related to positive modulation of the microbiota composition. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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