Pharmacogenetics of paraoxonases: a brief review
| Autor: | B N La Du, D. I. Draganov |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2003 |
| Předmět: |
Substrate Specificity
Xenobiotics Arylesterase medicine Lactonase Gene family Animals Humans Genetic Predisposition to Disease Pharmacology Genetics Polymorphism Genetic biology Paraoxon Aryldialkylphosphatase Paraoxonase General Medicine PON1 Biochemistry Cardiovascular Diseases Pharmacogenetics Inactivation Metabolic biology.protein medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology. 369(1) |
| ISSN: | 0028-1298 |
| Popis: | The human paraoxonase (PON) gene family consists of three members, PON1, PON2, and PON3, aligned next to each other on chromosome 7. By far the most-studied member of the family is the serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1), a high-density lipoprotein-associated esterase/lactonase. Early research focused on its capability to hydrolyze toxic organophosphates, and its name derives from one of its most commonly used in vitro substrates, paraoxon. Studies in the last 2 decades have demonstrated PON1's ability to protect against atherosclerosis by hydrolyzing specific derivatives of oxidized cholesterol and/or phospholipids in oxidized low-density lipoprotein and in atherosclerotic lesions. Levels and genetic variability of PON1 influence sensitivity to specific insecticides and nerve agents, as well as the risk of cardiovascular disease. More recently, the other two members of the PON family, PON2 and PON3, have also been shown to have antioxidant properties. A major goal in present research on the paraoxonases is to identify their natural substrates and to elucidate the mechanism(s) of their catalytic activities. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full text from SpringerLink