Mandibular osteomyelitis associated with candida albicans in marijuana and heroin abusers
| Autor: | Isabella Alessandra Anderson, Mikhail Daya Attie, Jason E. Portnof |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty medicine.drug_class medicine.medical_treatment 030106 microbiology Antibiotics Case Report - Infection 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Internal medicine medicine 030212 general & internal medicine Candida albicans Candida biology business.industry Osteomyelitis fungus osteomyelitis Immunosuppression medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Antimicrobial Corpus albicans Substance abuse Surgery Oral Surgery business Fluconazole medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery |
| ISSN: | 2231-0746 |
| DOI: | 10.4103/ams.ams_83_18 |
| Popis: | Osteomyelitis of the mandible is most commonly caused by bacterial infections and is rarely linked to fungal infections. In 2003, Friedman et al. studied the relationship of multiple drugs including marijuana, opioids, nicotine, and alcohol and its effect on the immune system. It is important to consider potential risks and complications of patients who are immunocompromised and present a history of substance abuse. These complications include infections and osteomyelitis which can be associated with multiple microorganisms; some of the most common microorganisms isolated in mandibular osteomyelitis include Streptococcus, Eikenella, and Candida. Candida albicans is commonly found in the skin and mucosa of healthy individuals; however, it has been proven to cause disease in individuals who are immunocompromised. Two cases of mandibular osteomyelitis after routine dental extractions and a history of drug abuse, including heroin and marijuana, are presented in this case series. These specific infections were resistant to multiple antibiotic therapy and grew C. albicans species in cultures collected. These cases were treated with irrigation and debridement or mandibular resection in combination with antimicrobial treatment and fluconazole with complete resolution. Although osteomyelitis is most commonly caused by bacterial infections, special attention must be given to patients with medical histories of immunosuppression and intravenous drug use. Patients who do not respond to broad-spectrum antibiotics might benefit from bacterial and fungal cultures and sensitivity. Antifungal treatment with an antifungal agent, such as oral fluconazole, is indicated if fungal organisms are yielded in the culture. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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