Echinococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus shiquicus in a small mammal community on the eastern Tibetan Plateau: host species composition, molecular prevalence, and epidemiological implications

Autor: Xiaohui Sun, Francis Raoul, Philip S. Craig, Belgees Boufana, Patrick Giraudoux, Zhenghuan Wang, Zhiqiang Mu, Jiayu Liu, Qingqiu Zuo, Junyao Wang, Xiaodong Weng, Xu Wang
Přispěvatelé: School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University [Shangaï] ( ECNU ), Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, University of Salford, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), East China Normal University [Shangaï] (ECNU), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
China
Rodent
Ochotona curzoniae
030231 tropical medicine
Echinococcus shiquicus
Foxes
Zoology
Rodentia
Tibet
Echinococcus multilocularis
Host Specificity
lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases
Small mammal
[ SDV.EE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology
environment
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Echinococcosis
E. shiquicus
biology.animal
parasitic diseases
Prevalence
Animals
Humans
Tibetan Plateau
lcsh:RC109-216
Pika
Microtus
Phylogeny
Mammals
[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology
environment
[ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
biology
Research
Lagomorpha
DNA
Helminth
biology.organism_classification
Echinococcus
030104 developmental biology
Infectious Diseases
Haplotypes
Parasitology
Vole
[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Zdroj: Parasites & Vectors
Parasites & Vectors, 2018, 11 (1), pp.302. 〈10.1186/s13071-018-2873-x〉
Parasites and Vectors
Parasites and Vectors, BioMed Central, 2018, 11 (1), pp.302. ⟨10.1186/s13071-018-2873-x⟩
Parasites & Vectors, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2018)
ISSN: 1756-3305
Popis: Background\ud The eastern part of the Tibetan Plateau is now recognized as an endemic region with the highest reported human infection rates in the world of human alveolar echinococcosis (AE) caused by Echinococcus multilocularis. Existing epidemiological studies on AE have mainly focused on the synanthropic environment, while basic parasitological and ecological aspects in wildlife host species remain largely unknown, especially for small mammal hosts. Therefore, we examined small mammal host species composition, occurrence, and the prevalence of both E. multilocularis and E. shiquicus in Shiqu County (Sichuan Province, China), eastern Tibetan Plateau.\ud \ud Results\ud In total, 346 small mammals from five rodent and one pika species were trapped from four randomly set 0.25 ha square plots. Two vole species, Lasiopodomys fuscus (n = 144) and Microtus limnophilus (n = 44), and the plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) (n = 135), were the three most-dominant species trapped. Although protoscoleces of E. multilocularis and E. shiquicus were only observed in L. fuscus and O. curzoniae, respectively, cox1 and nad1 gene DNA of E. shiquicus was detected in all the small mammal species except for Neodon irene, whereas E. multilocularis was detected in the three most-dominant species. The overall molecular prevalence of Echinococcus species was 5.8 (95% CI: 3.3–8.2%) ~ 10.7% (95% CI: 7.4–14.0%) (the conservative prevalence to the maximum prevalence with 95% CI in parentheses), whereas for E. multilocularis it was 4.3 (95% CI: 2.2–6.5%) ~ 6.7% (95% CI: 4.0–9.3%), and 1.5 (95% CI: 0.2–2.7%) ~ 4.1% (95% CI: 2.0–6.1%) for E. shiquicus. The prevalence of both E. multilocularis and E. shiquicus, was significantly higher in rodents (mainly voles) than in pikas. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that Echinococcus haplotypes of cox1 from small mammal hosts were actively involved in the sylvatic and anthropogenic transmission cycles of E. multilocularis in the eastern Tibetan Plateau.\ud \ud Conclusions\ud In contrast to previous studies, the current results indicated that rodent species, rather than pikas, are probably more important natural intermediate hosts of E. multilocularis and E. shiquicus in the eastern Tibetan Plateau. Thus, understanding interspecific dynamics between rodents and pikas is essential to studies of the echinococcosis transmission mechanism and human echinococcosis prevention in local communities.\ud \ud Keywords:\ud Echinococcus multilocularis, E. shiquicus, Small mammal Prevalence, Tibetan Plateau
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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