| Popis: |
Although commercial chicken genotypes have increased production and quality to a certain extent, it is not possible to completely replace domestic breeds. They need to be protected and brought into production, especially in the regions where they are found as genetic resources. The aim of this study is to determine the reactions of domestic chicken genotypes in the provinces of Bingöl (Bintav), Bitlis (Bittav), Elâzığ (Eltav), Muş (Muştav) and Tunceli (Tunçtav) to environmental change and to determine the environmental variables that affect the change the most. For this purpose, chickens collected from these provinces were distributed to all provinces in a balanced way, and their growth and development were monitored. All measurable climatic variables in the growth and development periods were measured and their effects on the development and maturity periods of the chickens were tried to be determined. Animals were raised in small family businesses with the arrangement made instead of large commercial enterprises. In the study, forty chicks of each breed were given per household and the Ataks commercial genotype was included in the control. As a result, in the study in which the phenotypic model was used, the average weight of males and females at the growth stages was 15.48 g in males and 16.11 in females. In adulthood, it was determined as 40.24 in males and 41.85 in females. It has been determined that temperature and precipitation are the variables that mostly affect growth and development. Although domestic genotypes showed a good improvement in growth, development, and body weight, they lagged the commercial genotype. However, it was observed that Tunçtav's yield increased as the altitude increased, while Muştav and Eltav were more positively affected by high precipitation and high humidity, Bintav and Bittav genotypes were more resistant to drought and their disease thresholds were higher than others in dry seasons. It was determined that not all these traits were found in the commercial genotype. |
