Mycosporine-Like Amino Acids and Marine Toxins - The Common and the Different
| Autor: | Manfred Klisch, Donat-P. Häder |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
Cyanobacteria
Food Chain Ultraviolet Rays Pharmaceutical Science Review mycosporine-like amino acids Algal bloom Antioxidants Algae Drug Discovery otorhinolaryngologic diseases Animals Humans Amino Acids lcsh:QH301-705.5 Pharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous) algae chemistry.chemical_classification biology Consumer Eukaryota biology.organism_classification Cyclic peptide Amino acid lcsh:Biology (General) Biochemistry chemistry Osmolyte Dinoflagellida Marine Toxins Marine toxin |
| Zdroj: | Marine Drugs Marine Drugs, Vol 6, Iss 2, Pp 147-163 (2008) |
| ISSN: | 1660-3397 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/md20080008 |
| Popis: | Marine microorganisms harbor a multitude of secondary metabolites. Among these are toxins of different chemical classes as well as the UV-protective mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs). The latter form a group of water-soluble, low molecular-weight (generally < 400) compounds composed of either an aminocyclohexenone or an aminocyclohexenimine ring, carrying amino acid or amino alcohol substituents. So far there has been no report of toxicity in MAAs but nevertheless there are some features they have in common with marine toxins. Among the organisms producing MAAs are cyanobacteria, dinoflagellates and diatoms that also synthesize toxins. As in cyclic peptide toxins found in cyanobacteria, amino acids are the main building blocks of MAAs. Both, MAAs and some marine toxins are transferred to other organisms e.g. via the food chains, and chemical modifications can take place in secondary consumers. In contrast to algal toxins, the physiological role of MAAs is clearly the protection from harmful UV radiation by physical screening. However, other roles, e.g. as osmolytes and antioxidants, are also considered. In this paper the common characteristics of MAAs and marine toxins are discussed as well as the differences. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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