Transfert de la conscience morphologique de l’arabe langue première au français langue seconde au cours des trois premières années d’apprentissage

Autor: Nathalie Marec-Breton, C. Roganti Leite Moreira, Anne-Sophie Besse, Jean-Emile Gombert
Přispěvatelé: Laboratoire de Psychologie des Cognitions (LPC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)
Jazyk: francouzština
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
Zdroj: Psychologie Française
Psychologie Française, Elsevier Masson, 2019, 64 (1), pp.85-102. ⟨10.1016/j.psfr.2018.05.001⟩
ISSN: 1873-7277
DOI: 10.1016/j.psfr.2018.05.001⟩
Popis: SJR 2019 Q3; Cette étude examine le transfert de la conscience morphologique (CM) de l’arabe L1 vers la CM et la lecture de mots en français L2 (FL2) en 1e, 2e et 3e années d’apprentissage du FL2 (n=106). Les niveaux de lecture et de CM flexionnelle et dérivationnelle sont mesurés dans les deux langues par des tests de lecture de mots en une minute et des épreuves de détection d’intrus (flexionnel et dérivationnel). Les analyses de régression hiérarchiques montrent que la contribution de la CM en L1 à la CM en L2 n’apparaît qu’en 2e année et sa contribution à la lecture en FL2 qu’en 3e année. Le transfert morphologique, notamment dérivationnel, entre des langues orthographiquement et morphologiquement éloignées serait relativement limité, une fois atteint un niveau minimal en FL2 et avant l’intervention de compétences spécifiques au français. There is a great deal of evidence to support the role of morphological awareness in reading development. However, towards second language acquisition, transfer of morphological awareness from first to second language (L1 to L2) is still discussed. The underlying question concerns the extent to which morphological awareness is a specific or universal process, and its dependence of linguistic features. The aim of this study is to examine cross-linguistic transfer of morphological awareness from Arabic L1 to French L2 (morphological awareness and word reading) at different level of learning French L2 (FL2). 106 Tunisian children, whose first language is Arabic, in 1st (n=29; mean age; 8; 10 years), 2nd (n=33; mean age; 9; 9 years) or 3rd year (n=44; mean age; 10; 10 years) of learning FL2 participated to this study. Their morphological awareness (inflectional or derivational oddity detection tasks) and their performance in word reading (one minute test) were assessed in standard Arabic and French, as well as their vocabulary knowledge in French. A series of fixed-order hierarchical regression analysis was performed on derivational awareness performances, inflectional awareness performances and word reading performances in FL2, controlling for effects of other important variables (e.g. French vocabulary, French morphological awareness with word reading scores as outcome variable and French inflectional or derivational awareness with French inflectional or derivational awareness scores as outcome variable respectively, Arabic word reading, etc.). Results show significant contributions of L1 morpho-derivational awareness on FL2 morpho-derivational awareness in 2nd year (12%), and of L1 morphological awareness on reading words FL2 in 3rd year (5%). These results confirm the cross-linguistic transfer of morphological awareness, particularly derivational, from L1 to L2 among alphabetic — but orthographically and morphologically distances — languages. They also suggest that such a transfer could be relatively limited. It could appear during learning process after achieving a threshold in FL2 and before specific L2 skills take place. Thus, beyond the morphological opacity of Arabic (nonlinear morphology) and linguistic distance between Arabic and French, the morphological transfer could appear on rich and important morphological dimension in L1 and suggest dealing with the nature of cross-linguistic abilities in depth.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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