Complete reversal of coenzyme specificity by concerted mutation of three consecutive residues in alcohol dehydrogenase
| Autor: | Jaume Farrés, Eva Valencia, Ignacio Fita, Wendy F. Ochoa, Albert Rosell, Xavier Parés |
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| Rok vydání: | 2003 |
| Předmět: |
Models
Molecular Time Factors Ranidae Stereochemistry Mutant medicine.disease_cause Biochemistry Cofactor Catalysis chemistry.chemical_compound medicine Animals Computer Simulation Enzyme kinetics Molecular Biology Alcohol dehydrogenase chemistry.chemical_classification Mutation Binding Sites biology Lysine Alcohol Dehydrogenase Cell Biology Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Phosphate Deuterium Kinetics Enzyme chemistry biology.protein Mutagenesis Site-Directed NAD+ kinase NADP Protein Binding |
| Zdroj: | Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC instname |
| ISSN: | 0021-9258 |
| Popis: | Gastric tissues from amphibian Rana perezi express the only vertebrate alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH8) that is specific for NADP(H) instead of NAD(H). In the crystallographic ADH8-NADP+ complex, a binding pocket for the extra phosphate group of coenzyme is formed by ADH8-specific residues Gly 223-Thr224-His225, and the highly conserved Leu200 and Lys228. To investigate the minimal structural determinants for coenzyme specificity, several ADH8 mutants involving residues 223 to 225 were engineered and kinetically characterized. Computer-assisted modeling of the docked coenzymes was also performed with the mutant enzymes and compared with the wild-type crystallographic binary complex. The G223D mutant, having a negative charge in the phosphate-binding site, still preferred NADP(H) over NAD(H), as did the T224I and H225N mutants. Catalytic efficiency with NADP(H) dropped dramatically in the double mutants, G223D/T224I and T224I/H225N, and in the triple mutant, G223D/T224I/H225N (kcat/K mNADPH = 760 mM-1 min-1), as compared with the wild-type enzyme (kcat/KmNADPH = 133,330 mM-1 min-1). This was associated with a lower binding affinity for NADP+ and a change in the rate-limiting step. Conversely, in the triple mutant, catalytic efficiency with NAD(H) increased, reaching values (kcat/KmNADH = 155,000 mM-1 min-1) similar to those of the wild-type enzyme with NADP(H). The complete reversal of ADH8 coenzyme specificity was therefore attained by the substitution of only three consecutive residues in the phosphate-binding site, an unprecedented achievement within the ADH family. This work was supported by grants from the Dirección General de Investigación Científica: BMC2000-0132 (to J. F.), BMC2002-02659 (to X. P.), and BIO2002-04419-C02-01 (to I. F.) |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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