Exercise Frequency Determines Heart Rate Variability Gains in Older People: A Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression

Autor: Bienvenu Bongue, Jean-Claude Barthélémy, Jérémy Raffin, Vincent Pichot, Mathieu Berger, Claude Montuy-Coquard, Antoine Da Costa, David Hupin, Remi Bouvier, Caroline Dupré, Alain Colvez, Léonard Féasson, Frédéric Roche, Thierry Busso
Přispěvatelé: Système Nerveux Autonome - Epidémiologie, Physiologie, Ingénierie, Santé (SNA-EPIS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, Service de Physiologie Clinique et de l’Exercice, Faculté de Médecine Jacques Lisfranc, Service de Physiologie Clinique et de l Exercice, CHU Nord, Faculté de Medecine Jacques Lisfranc, Université Jean Monnet (Saint-Etienne), Unité de Myologie, Centre Référent Maladies Neuromusculaires Rares Rhône-Alpes, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Caisse Nationale Santé et Solidarité (CNSA), Caisse nationale de solidarité pour l’autonomie (CNSA), Centre Technique d'Appui et de Formation des Centres d'Examens de Santé (CETAF), CETAF, Service de Physiologie Clinique et de l'Exercice, CHU Nord, Faculté de Médecine Jacques Lisfranc
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
Zdroj: Sports Medicine
Sports Medicine, Springer Verlag, 2019, 49 (5), pp.719-729. ⟨10.1007/s40279-019-01097-7⟩
ISSN: 0112-1642
Popis: Previous studies have suggested that exercise training improves cardiac autonomic drive in young and middle-aged adults. In this study, we discuss the benefits for the elderly. We aimed to establish whether exercise still increases heart rate variability (HRV) beyond the age of 60 years, and to identify which training factors influence HRV gains in this population. Interventional controlled and non-controlled studies were selected from the PubMed, Ovid, Cochrane and Google Scholar databases. Only interventional endurance training protocols involving healthy subjects aged 60 years and over, and measuring at least one heart rate global or parasympathetic index, such as the standard deviation of the normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), total frequency power (Ptot), root mean square of successive differences between adjacent NN intervals (RMSSD), or high frequency power (HF) before and after the training intervention, were included. HRV parameters were pooled separately from short-term and 24 h recordings for analysis. Risks of bias were assessed using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies and the Cochrane risk of bias tool. A random-effects model was used to determine effect sizes (Hedges’ g) for changes, and heterogeneity was assessed using Q and I statistics. Twelve studies, seven of which included a control group, including 218 and 111 subjects, respectively (mean age 69.0 ± 3.2 and 68.6 ± 2.5), were selected for meta-analysis. Including the 12 studies demonstrated homogeneous significant effect sizes for short-term (ST)-SDNN and 24 h-SDNN, with effect sizes of 0.366 (95% CI 0.185–547) and 0.442 (95% CI 0.144–0.740), respectively. Controlled study analysis demonstrated homogeneous significant effect sizes for 24 h-SDNN with g = 0.721 (95% CI 0.184–1.257), and 24 h-Ptot with g = 0.731 (95% CI 0.195–1.267). Meta-regression analyses revealed positive relationships between ST-SDNN effect sizes and training frequency ( $${\text{Tau}}_{\text{res}}^{2}$$ = 0.000; $$I_{\text{res}}^{2}$$ = 0.000; p = 0.0462). This meta-analysis demonstrates a positive effect of endurance-type exercise on autonomic regulation in older adults. However, the selected studies expressed some risks of bias. We conclude that chronic endurance exercise leads to HRV improvements in a linear frequency–response relationship, encouraging the promotion of high-frequency training programmes in older adults.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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