Impacts of acidification on brown troutSalmo truttapopulations and the contribution of stocking to population recovery and genetic diversity
| Autor: | Artur R. Costa, E. J. Keay, Colin Roberts, Paulo A. Prodöhl, Caroline Bradley, Rosaleen Hynes, Andrew Ferguson, Robin Ade |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Conservation of Natural Resources Reproductive Isolation Trout Population introgression acid tolerance adaptation Aquatic Science Biology population bottlenecks 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences microsatellites Brown trout Stocking Rivers Regular Paper Animals Salmo education Alleles Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics education.field_of_study Fish migration Genetic diversity Ecology 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology Regular Papers Genetic Variation Hydrogen-Ion Concentration biology.organism_classification Europe Genetics Population Population bottleneck Scotland sympatric populations Species richness Microsatellite Repeats |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Fish Biology Prodohl, P A, Ferguson, A, Bradley, C R, Ade, R, Roberts, C, Keay, E J, Costa, A & Hynes, R 2019, ' Impacts of acidification on brown trout Salmo trutta populations and the contribution of stocking to population recovery and genetic diversity ', Journal of Fish Biology . https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.14054 |
| ISSN: | 1095-8649 0022-1112 |
| Popis: | Anthropogenic acidification in SW‐Scotland, from the early 19th Century onwards, led to the extinction of several loch (lake) brown trout (Salmo trutta) populations and substantial reductions in numbers in many others. Higher altitude populations with no stocking influence, which are isolated above natural and artificial barriers and subjected to the greatest effect of acidification, exhibited the least intrapopulation genetic diversity (34% of the allelic richness of the populations accessible to anadromous S. trutta). These, however, were characterised by the greatest interpopulation divergence (highest pairwise D EST 0.61 and F ST 0.53 in contemporary samples) based on 16 microsatellite loci and are among the most differentiated S. trutta populations in NW‐Europe. Five lochs above impassable waterfalls, where S. trutta were thought to be extinct, are documented as having been stocked in the late 1980s or 1990s. All five lochs now support self‐sustaining S. trutta populations; three as a direct result of restoration stocking and two adjoining lochs largely arising from a small remnant wild population in one, but with some stocking input. The genetically unique Loch Grannoch S. trutta, which has been shown to have a heritable increased tolerance to acid conditions, was successfully used as a donor stock to restore populations in two acidic lochs. Loch Fleet S. trutta, which were re‐established from four separate donor sources in the late 1980s, showed differential contribution from these ancestors and a higher genetic diversity than all 17 natural loch populations examined in the area. Genetically distinct inlet and outlet spawning S. trutta populations were found in this loch. Three genetically distinct sympatric populations of S. trutta were identified in Loch Grannoch, most likely representing recruitment from the three main spawning rivers. A distinct genetic signature of Loch Leven S. trutta, the progenitor of many Scottish farm strains, facilitated detection of stocking with these strains. One artificially created loch was shown to have a population genetically very similar to Loch Leven S. trutta. In spite of recorded historical supplemental stocking with Loch Leven derived farm strains, much of the indigenous S. trutta genetic diversity in the area remains intact, aside from the effects of acidification induced bottlenecks. Overall genetic diversity and extant populations have been increased by allochthonous stocking. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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