Factors associated with HIV infection among children born to mothers on the prevention of mother to child transmission programme at Chitungwiza Hospital, Zimbabwe, 2008
| Autor: | Stella Ngwende, Mufuta Tshimanga, Stanley Midzi, Notion Tafara Gombe, Addmore Chadambuka, Gerald Shambira |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Zimbabwe medicine.medical_specialty Pediatrics PMTCT Population Developing country HIV Infections Medication Adherence Interviews as Topic Young Adult Surveys and Questionnaires Environmental health Epidemiology medicine Humans Maternal Health Services Young adult education education.field_of_study business.industry Transmission (medicine) Public health Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Infant virus diseases HIV infection Infectious Disease Transmission Vertical CD4 Lymphocyte Count Breast Feeding Risk factors Case-Control Studies Child Preschool Biostatistics Chitungwiza Hospital business Breast feeding Research Article |
| Zdroj: | BMC Public Health |
| ISSN: | 1471-2458 |
| Popis: | Background Zimbabwe is one of the five countries worst affected by the HIV/AIDS pandemic with HIV infection contributing increasingly to childhood morbidity and mortality. Among the children born to HIV positive mothers participating in the PMTCT programme, 25% tested positive to HIV. We investigated factors associated with HIV infection among children born to mothers on the PMTCT programme. Methods A 1:1 unmatched case–control study was conducted at Chitungwiza Hospital, Zimbabwe, 2008. A case was defined as a child who tested HIV positive, born to a mother who had been on PMTCT programme. A control was a HIV negative child born to a mother who had been on PMTCT programme. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on demographic characteristics, risk factors associated with HIV infection and immunization status. Results A total of 120 mothers were interviewed. Independent risk factors associated with HIV infection among children included maternal CD4 count of less than 200 during pregnancy [aOR = 7.1, 95% CI (2.6-17)], mixed feeding [aOR = 29, 95% CI (4.2-208)], being hospitalized since birth [aOR = 2.9, 95% CI (1.2-4.8)] whilst being exclusively breast fed for less than 6 months [aOR = 0.1 (95% CI 0.03-0.4)] was protective. Conclusions HIV infection among children increased if the mother’s CD4 count was ≤200 cells/μL and if the child was exposed to mixed feeding. Breastfeeding exclusively for less than six months was protective. We recommended exclusive breast feeding period for the first six months and stop breast feeding after 6 months if affordable, sustainable and safe. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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