Prevention and reversal of selenite-induced cataracts by N-acetylcysteine amide in Wistar rats

Autor: Shakila Tobwala, Yasaswi Maddirala, Humeyra Karacal, N. Ercall
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2017
Předmět:
Male
0301 basic medicine
genetic structures
Glutathione reductase
Pharmacology
Selenious Acid
Lens protein
Lipid peroxidation
Acetylcysteine
chemistry.chemical_compound
Lens
0302 clinical medicine
lcsh:Ophthalmology
Medicine
Sodium selenite
Calpain
General Medicine
Malondialdehyde
Glutathione
N-acetylcysteine amide (NACA)
NACA
Research Article
medicine.drug
Crystallin
medicine.medical_specialty
Sodium
Blotting
Western

chemistry.chemical_element
Cataract
03 medical and health sciences
Cataracts
Internal medicine
Lens
Crystalline

Animals
N-Acetylcysteine amide
Rats
Wistar

business.industry
medicine.disease
eye diseases
Rats
Surgery
Disease Models
Animal

Oxidative Stress
Ophthalmology
030104 developmental biology
Endocrinology
chemistry
lcsh:RE1-994
030221 ophthalmology & optometry
sense organs
Ophthalmic Solutions
business
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Selenium
Zdroj: BMC Ophthalmology, Vol 17, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2017)
BMC Ophthalmology
ISSN: 1471-2415
DOI: 10.1186/s12886-017-0443-1
Popis: Background The present study sought to evaluate the efficacy of N-acetylcysteine amide (NACA) eye drops in reversing the cataract formation induced by sodium selenite in male Wistar rat pups. Methods Forty male Wistar rat pups were randomly divided into a control group, an N-acetylcysteine amide-only group, a sodium selenite-induced cataract group, and a NACA-treated sodium selenite-induced cataract group. Sodium selenite was injected intraperitoneally on postpartum day 10, whereas N-acetylcysteine amide was injected intraperitoneally on postpartum days 9, 11, and 13 in the respective groups. Cataracts were evaluated at the end of week 2 (postpartum day 14) when the rat pups opened their eyes. N-acetylcysteine amide eye drops were administered beginning on week 3 until the end of week 4 (postpartum days 15 to 30), and the rats were sacrificed at the end of week 4. Lenses were isolated and examined for oxidative stress parameters such as glutathione, lipid peroxidation, and calcium levels along with the glutathione reductase and thioltransferase enzyme activities. Casein zymography and Western blot of m-calpain were performed using the water soluble fraction of lens proteins. Results Morphological examination of the lenses in the NACA-treated group indicated that NACA was able to reverse the cataract grade. In addition, glutathione level, thioltransferase activity, m-calpain activity, and m-calpain level (as assessed by Western blot) were all significantly higher in the NACA-treated group than in the sodium selenite-induced cataract group. Furthermore, sodium selenite- injected rat pups had significantly higher levels of malondialdehyde, glutathione reductase enzyme activity, and calcium levels, which were reduced to control levels upon treatment with NACA. Conclusions The data suggest that NACA has the potential to significantly improve vision and decrease the burden of cataract-related loss of function. Prevention and reversal of cataract formation could have a global impact. Development of pharmacological agents like NACA may eventually prevent cataract formation in high-risk populations and may prevent progression of early-stage cataracts. This brings a paradigm shift from expensive surgical treatment of cataracts to relatively inexpensive prevention of vision loss.
Databáze: OpenAIRE