Epicutaneous immunotherapy protects cashew‐sensitized mice from anaphylaxis

Autor: Adeline Bouzereau, Pierre-Louis Hervé, Katie Matthews, Benjamin Pelletier, Audrey Perrin, Nathalie Oreal, Jean-Louis Labernardière, Sophie Wavrin, Vincent Dioszeghy, Laetitia Gaulme, Fabrice Porcheray, Noémie Assoun, Hugh A. Sampson, Mélanie Ligouis, Camille Plaquet
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Allergy
ISSN: 1398-9995
0105-4538
Popis: Background The prevalence of tree nut allergy has increased worldwide, and cashew has become one of the most common food allergens. More critically, cashew allergy is frequently associated with severe anaphylaxis. Despite the high medical need, no approved treatment is available and strict avoidance and preparedness for prompt treatment of allergic reactions are considered dual standard of care. In the meantime, Phase III study results suggest investigational epicutaneous immunotherapy (EPIT) may be a relevant and safe treatment for peanut allergy and may improve the quality of life for many peanut allergic children. Objective We aimed to evaluate the capacity of EPIT to provide protection against cashew‐induced anaphylaxis in a relevant mouse model. Methods The efficacy of EPIT was evaluated by applying patches containing cashew allergens to cashew‐sensitized mice. As negative control, sham mice received patches containing excipient. Following treatment, mice were challenged orally to cashew and anaphylactic symptoms, as well as plasmatic levels of mast‐cell proteases (mMCP)‐1/7, were quantified. Results Of 16 weeks of EPIT significantly protects against anaphylaxis by promoting a faster recovery of challenged mice. This protection was characterized by a significant reduction of temperature drop and clinical symptoms, 60 minutes after challenge. This was associated with a decrease in mast‐cell reactivity as attested by the reduction of mMCP‐1/7 in plasma, suggesting that EPIT specifically decrease IgE‐mediated anaphylaxis. Conclusion We demonstrate that EPIT markedly reduced IgE‐mediated allergic reactions in a mouse model of cashew allergy, which suggests that EPIT may be a relevant approach to treating cashew allergy.
This study demonstrates a newly developed robust mouse model of IgE‐mediated cashew anaphylaxis. Cashew‐sensitized mice are treated with epicutaneous patches containing cashew protein extract (cashew patches) or excipient (placebo patches) for 16 weeks. Mice treated with cashew patches present a decrease in cashew‐specific Th2 response and a decrease in mast‐cell reactivity and anaphylaxis symptoms following oral challenge. Abbreviations: EPIT, epicutaneous immunotherapy.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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