Experimental rat model for acute tubular injury induced by high water hardness and high water fluoride: efficacy of primary preventive intervention by distilled water administration

Autor: Neil Alles, Roshitha Waduge, Shirani Ranasinghe, Thanusha Perera
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Male
030232 urology & nephrology
010501 environmental sciences
Weight Gain
lcsh:RC870-923
01 natural sciences
Serum urea
Electrolytes
Fluorides
Random Allocation
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
Water hardness
Urea
Groundwater
Kidney
Hard water
Organ Size
Acute tubular injury
Serum creatinine
Kidney Tubules
medicine.anatomical_structure
Liver
Distilled water
Nephrology
Creatinine
Models
Animal
Alkaline phosphatase
Research Article
Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu)
medicine.medical_specialty
Sodium
chemistry.chemical_element
03 medical and health sciences
Animal science
Hardness
Water Supply
Internal medicine
medicine
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity
Animals
Drinking water
Aspartate Aminotransferases
Rats
Wistar
Renal Insufficiency
Chronic
Distillation
Sri Lanka
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
business.industry
medicine.disease
lcsh:Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology
chemistry
business
Kidney disease
Zdroj: BMC Nephrology, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2020)
BMC Nephrology
ISSN: 1471-2369
Popis: BackgroundHigh water hardness associated with high water fluoride and the geographical distribution of Chronic Kidney Disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) in Sri Lanka are well correlated. We undertook this study to observe the effects of high water hardness with high fluoride on kidney and liver in rats and efficacy of distilled water in reducing the effects.MethodsTest water sample with high water hardness and high fluoride was collected from Mihinthale region and normal water samples were collected from Kandy region. Twenty-four rats were randomly divided into 8 groups and water samples were introduced as follows as daily water supply. Four groups received normal water for 60 (N1) and 90 (N2) days and test water for 60 (T1) and 90 (T2) days. Other four groups received normal (N3) and test (T3) water for 60 days and followed by distilled water for additional 60 days and normal (N4) and test (T4) water for 90 days followed by distilled water for another 90 days. The rats were sacrificed following treatment. Serum samples were subjected to biochemical tests; serum creatinine, urea, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and elemental analysis. Histopathological examinations were carried out using kidney and liver samples.ResultsTest water treated groups were associated with acute tubular injury with loss of brush border and test water followed with distilled water treated groups maintained a better morphology with minimal loss of brush border. Serum creatinine levels in T1 and T2 groups and urea level in T2 group were significantly (p p p ConclusionHard water with high fluoride content resulted in acute tubular injury with a significant increase in serum levels of creatinine, urea and AST activity. These alterations were minimized by administering distilled water.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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